磷酸铝包覆纳米二氧化硅的制备及其对PAN纳米纤维阻燃性能的影响
王奎 , 付业琦 , 宋俊陵 , 肖楚 , 严伟
塑料科技 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (10) : 13 -17.
磷酸铝包覆纳米二氧化硅的制备及其对PAN纳米纤维阻燃性能的影响
Preparation of AlPO4 Coated Nanosilica and its Effect on Flame Retardancy of PAN Nanofibers
采用非均相沉淀法,将磷酸铝(AlPO4)包覆到纳米SiO2表面,制备AlPO4包覆纳米SiO2(SiO2@AlPO4)杂化材料。通过静电纺丝技术将SiO2@AlPO4和聚丙烯腈(PAN)混合纺丝,制备PAN复合纳米纤维材料。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对SiO2@AlPO4和PAN复合纳米纤维的形貌进行表征,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)对SiO2@AlPO4的结构进行表征,通过FTIR对PAN复合纳米纤维的结构进行表征,通过热重分析仪和微型量热仪对PAN复合纳米纤维材料的热性能和阻燃性能进行研究。结果表明,AlPO4可有效分散在纳米SiO2表面;SiO2@AlPO4的加入可同时提高PAN复合纳米纤维材料的热稳定性和阻燃性能,SiO2@AlPO4质量分数为20%时可使PAN复合纳米纤维的热释放速率峰值和总热释放量分别降低39.8%和17.2%。
Using the heterogeneous precipitation method, aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) was coated onto the surface of nano-SiO2 to prepare AlPO4-coated nano-SiO2 (SiO2@AlPO4) hybrid materials. By means of the electrospinning technique, SiO2@AlPO4 and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were blended and spun to prepare PAN composite nanofiber materials. The morphology of SiO2@AlPO4 and PAN composite nanofibers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The structure of SiO2@AlPO4 was characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The structure of PAN composite nanofibers was characterized by FTIR. The thermal properties and flame retardancy of PAN composite nanofiber materials were investigated by thermogravimetric analyzer and microscale combustion calorimetry. The results show that AlPO4 can be effectively dispersed on the surface of nano-SiO2. The addition of SiO2@AlPO4 can simultaneously enhance the thermal stability and flame retardancy of PAN composite nanofibers. When the mass fraction of SiO2@AlPO4 is 20%, the peak heat release rate and total heat release of PAN composite nanofibers are reduced by 39.8% and 17.2%, respectively.
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贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般523)
大学生创新创业训练项目(s2024109760206)
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