碳纤维对聚酰胺复合材料力学性能和热稳定性的影响
Effect of Carbon Fiber on Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability of Polyamide Composites
为提高碳纤维(CF)与聚酰胺6(PA6)的相容性,采用上浆剂水性聚氨酯(PU)对CF进行改性,得到改性碳纤维(SCF),制备PA6/CF复合材料并对其力学性能和热稳定性进行研究。结果表明:PU上浆剂改性CF后,SCF的粗糙度增加;SCF与PA6的接触角显著降低,相容性提高;SCF的单丝拉伸强度高于未改性的CF;随着SCF含量的增加,PA6/CF的层间剪切强度先大幅提高后略有下降,拉伸强度和弯曲强度先显著增加后缓慢增加,PA6/CF的热稳定性不断提高。SCF的最优添加质量分数为15%,此时层间剪切强度最大,与纯PA6相比,PA6/CF的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高316.4%和198.8%,初始热分解温度提高36 ℃,最大热分解速率时温度提高42 ℃。
To improve the compatibility between carbon fiber (CF) and polyamide 6 (PA6), a waterborne polyurethane (PU) sizing agent was used to modify CF, resulting in modified carbon fiber (SCF). PA6/CF composites were prepared, and their mechanical properties and thermal stability were investigated. The results show that after modifying CF with PU sizing agent, the roughness of SCF increases. The contact angle between SCF and PA6 is significantly reduced, and the compatibility is improved. The single filament tensile strength of SCF is higher than that of unmodified CF. As SCF increases, the interlayer shear strength of PA6/CF first increases significantly and then slightly decreases. The tensile strength and bending strength first increase significantly, and then slowly increase. The thermal stability of PA6/CF continues to improve. The optimal optimal mass fraction of SCF is 15%, at which the interlayer shear strength is the highest. Compared with pure PA6, the tensile strength and bending strength of PA6/CF are increased by 316.4% and 198.8% respectively, the initial thermal decomposition temperature increases by 36 ℃, and the temperature at the maximum thermal decomposition rate increases by 42 ℃.
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