纳米TiO2增强PLA/PHBV复合材料的制备及性能研究
Preparation and Properties Study of Nano-TiO2 Reinforced PLA/PHBV Composites
利用熔融共混法制备纳米TiO2增强的聚乳酸/聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯)(PLA/PHBV)复合材料,并系统研究其热性能、力学性能及微观结构形貌。结果表明:随着PHBV含量的增加,复合材料的断裂伸长率先增大后减小,当PHBV质量分数为30%时,断裂伸长率达到最大值108.7%。随着纳米TiO2含量的增加,复合材料的断裂伸长率逐渐下降,但仍均高于纯PLA;拉伸强度先增大后减小,当纳米TiO2质量分数为5%时,拉伸强度达到最大值29.03 MPa。通过调节PHBV和纳米TiO2的添加比例可同时实现复合材料的增韧和增强。X射线衍射仪(XRD)和差示扫描热量仪(DSC)测试结果表明,随着纳米TiO2含量的增加,PLA的结晶度呈现先升高后降低的趋势,说明纳米TiO2起到成核剂的作用,优化了结晶结构。热重分析仪(TG)测试结果表明,纳米TiO2的加入提高了复合材料的外延起始温度,随着纳米TiO2含量的增加,该温度呈现先升后降的趋势,复合材料的热稳定性得到改善。
Polylactic acid/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PLA/PHBV) composites reinforced with nano-TiO2 were prepared by melt blending method, and their thermal properties, mechanical properties, and microstructural morphology were systematically investigated. The results showed that as the PHBV content increased, the elongation at break of the composites first increased and then decreased, reaching a maximum value (108.7%) when the mass fraction of PHBV was 30%. With the increase of nano-TiO2 content, the elongation at break gradually decreased but remained higher than that of pure PLA. The tensile strength first increased and then decreased, reaching a maximum value of 29.03 MPa when the nano-TiO2 content was 5%. By adjusting the addition ratios of PHBV and nano-TiO2, it was possible to achieve both toughening and strengthening of the composites simultaneously. The test results from the X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) indicated that with the increase of nano-TiO2 content, the crystallinity of PLA first increased and then decreased, suggesting that nano-TiO2 acted as a nucleating agent and optimized the crystalline structure. The results of the thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) test demonstrated that the addition of nano-TiO2 increased the extrapolated onset temperature of the composites, and this temperature first increased and then decreased with the increase of nano-TiO2 content, and the thermal stability of the composites was improved.
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河南省新重点学科(机械学科)项目(0203240011)
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