一种新型含水的有机硅烷改性水性环氧树脂胶黏剂的合成制备
李梦鸽 , 刘心毅 , 刘安妮 , 谭一兵 , 彭龙贵
塑料科技 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (01) : 52 -56.
一种新型含水的有机硅烷改性水性环氧树脂胶黏剂的合成制备
Synthesis and Preparation of a Novel Water-containing Organosilane-modified Waterborne Epoxy Resin Adhesive
以环氧树脂为基体,采用化学接枝法,通过小分子硅烷与环氧树脂中羟基发生缩合反应,将Si—O—C键和C—O—C键引入环氧树脂中,得到有机硅烷改性环氧树脂(SE)。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱测试确定合成成功。环氧值测试表明,环氧值较改性前降低0.12 mol/100 g。凝胶渗透色谱分析显示,SE的数均分子量为311 g/mol,重均分子量为530 g/mol,分子量分布系数为1.70,分子量分布较为均一。在SE中加入含有羟基的非离子型乳化剂及水,通过相反转法将混合液从油包水变为水包油状态,形成具有单相稳定结构的均一乳液,即有机硅烷改性环氧树脂水性乳液(WSE)。通过添加不同苯二酚类羟基供体确定有机硅烷改性环氧树脂水性乳化胶黏剂的最佳配方。存水率分析表明,间苯二酚因分子间氢键作用存水率最高(11.2%)。热重分析与核磁氢谱证实水以结构水形式存在。高速搅拌可将乳液粒径降至100 μm以下,1 400 r/min条件下粒径分布更均匀,符合正态分布。
Using epoxy resin as the matrix, a condensation reaction was carried out between a small-molecule silane and the hydroxyl groups in the epoxy resin by chemical grafting method, introducing Si—O—C bonds and C—O—C bonds into the epoxy resin, resulting in the production of silane-modified epoxy resin (SE). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy tests confirmed the successful synthesis. Epoxy value test indicated that the epoxy value decreased by 0.12 mol/100 g compared with that before modification. Gel permeation chromatography analysis showed that SE had a number-average molecular weight of 311 g/mol, a weight-average molecular weight of 530 g/mol, a molecular weight distribution coefficient of 1.70, and a relatively uniform molecular weight distribution. Nonionic emulsifiers containing hydroxyl groups and water were added to SE. The mixture was transformed from an oil-in-water to a water-in-oil state via the phase inversion method, forming a uniform emulsion with a single-phase stable structure, namely, the silane-modified epoxy resin aqueous emulsion (WSE). The optimal formulation of the silane-modified epoxy resin aqueous emulsion adhesive was determined by adding different hydroquinone hydroxyl donors. Water retention analysis showed that hydroquinone had the highest water retention rate (11.2%) due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Thermogravimetric test and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectra confirmed that water existed in the form of structural water. High-speed stirring could reduce the emulsion droplet size to below 100 μm. The droplet size distribution was more uniform under the condition of 1 400 r/min and conformed to a normal distribution.
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