纳米二氧化硅增强硅橡胶复合材料的制备及其性能研究
Study of Preparation and Properties of Nano-SiO2 Reinforced Silicone Rubber Composites
为了获得具有优异绝缘性能的硅橡胶,以硅烷偶联剂(KH570)改性的纳米SiO2制备硅橡胶复合材料,研究其力学性能和绝缘性能。结果表明:随着纳米SiO2含量的增加,硅橡胶复合材料的拉伸强度和邵A硬度均先增大后减小;同一频率下,介电常数(ε)先升高后减小;硅橡胶复合材料的体积电阻率(ρV)和击穿电压(BV)均先增大后减小。纳米SiO2质量分数为15%时,硅橡胶复合材料的综合性能最佳,与纯硅橡胶相比,硅橡胶复合材料的拉伸强度和邵A硬度分别提高131.1%和83.8%;ρV提高135.3%;在100~106 Hz频率范围内,ε提高17.2%~24.1%;BV提高27.5%;60 ℃下老化30 d的BV提高44.3%;100 ℃下老化30 d的BV提高48.8%;140 ℃下老化30 d的BV提高46.2%。
In order to obtain silicone rubber with excellent insulating properties, silicone rubber composites were prepared using silane coupling agent (KH570) modified nano-SiO2, and their mechanical and insulating properties were investigated. The results showed that with the increase of nano-SiO2 content, the tensile strength and Shore A hardness of the silicone rubber composites first increased and then decreased. At the same frequency, the dielectric constant (ε) first rose and then fell. The volume resistivity (ρv) and breakdown voltage (BV) of the silicone rubber composites also first increased and then decreased. When the mass fraction of nano-SiO2 was 15%, the comprehensive properties of the silicone rubber composites were optimal. Compared with pure silicone rubber, the tensile strength and Shore A hardness of the silicone rubber composites increased by 131.1% and 83.8%, respectively. The ρv increased by 135.3%. Within the frequency range of 100~106 Hz, ε increased by 17.2%~24.1%. The BV increased by 27.5%. After aging for 30 d at 60 ℃, the BV increased by 44.3%. After aging for 30 d at 100 ℃, the BV increased by 48.8%. After aging for 30 d at 140 ℃, the BV increased by 46.2%.
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