甲基丙烯酸甲酯改性纳米纤维素对PMMA复合材料力学性能的影响
Effect of Methyl Methacrylate-modified Nanocellulose on Mechanical Properties of PMMA Composites
以脱脂棉为原料,利用硫酸水解法制备纳米纤维素(NCC),利用甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)对NCC进行接枝改性,得到NCC-g-MMA,将NCC-g-MMA分散至聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA),制备PMMA/NCC-g-MMA复合材料。结果表明:NCC成功接枝改性,相较纯PMMA,PMMA/NCC-g-MMA复合材料具有较好的热稳定性。由于NCC-g-MMA的力学性能较好,复合材料体内能够形成致密的立体网状结构,从而分担应力而减缓裂纹的进一步发展,故而提升复合材料的硬度、拉伸强度和冲击强度。当NCC-g-MMA的质量分数为1%时,PMMA/NCC-g-MMA复合材料的维氏硬度达到23.3,拉伸强度达到25.4 MPa,冲击强度达到25.2 kJ/m2。由此可知,接枝改性技术是改善纳米纤维素表面的基团、提高纳米纤维素与聚合物相容性的有效方法。研究结果为满足实际生产需求的PMMA材料改性提供了实验参考。
Cotton linters were used as the raw material to prepare nanocellulose crystals (NCC) via the sulfuric acid hydrolysis method. NCC was then grafted with methyl methacrylate (MMA) to obtain NCC-g-MMA. The NCC-g-MMA was dispersed into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to fabricate the PMMA/NCC-g-MMA composites. The results indicated that the grafting modification of NCC was successful. Compared with pure PMMA, the PMMA/NCC-g-MMA composites exhibited better thermal stability. Due to the superior mechanical properties of NCC-g-MMA, a dense three-dimensional network structure could be formed within the composites, which could distribute stress and mitigate the further propagation of cracks, thereby enhancing the hardness, tensile strength, and impact strength of the composites. When the mass fraction of NCC-g-MMA was 1%, the Vickers hardness of the PMMA/NCC-g-MMA composites reached 23.3, the tensile strength reached 25.4 MPa, and the impact strength reached 25.2 kJ/m2. It can be concluded that grafting modification technology is an effective method to modify the surface groups of nanocellulose and improve its compatibility with polymers. The research results provide experimental references for the modification of PMMA materials to meet practical production demands.
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2025—2026年度江苏省职业教育研究项目(XHYBLX2025244)
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