碳纤维对酚醛树脂复合材料力学性能和耐久性能的影响
Effect of Carbon Fiber on Mechanical Properties and Durability of Phenolic Resin Composites
以偶联剂(KH-550)改性的碳纤维(CF)为增强材料、酚醛树脂(PF)为基体,制备PF/CF复合材料,对复合材料的力学性能和耐久性能进行研究。结果表明:KH-550改性CF后,CF的傅里叶变换红外谱图在990 cm-1处出现新的特征峰,在1 150 cm-1和3 485 cm-1附近的特征峰的峰变宽且强度明显增强,说明KH-550成功接枝到CF表面。随着改性CF掺量的不断增加,PF/CF复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均呈先增大后减小的趋势,耐摩擦性能先提高后降低,耐热性能逐步提高。改性CF的添加质量分数为6%时,PF/CF复合材料的综合力学性能和耐久性能达到最佳。PF/CF复合材料拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别比PF提高119.7%和55.3%,磨损率比PF降低75.6%,初始热分解温度比PF提高64 ℃,最终质量保留率是PF的2.02倍。
Carbon fiber (CF) modified by a coupling agent (KH-550) was employed as the reinforcement, and phenolic resin (PF) served as the matrix to fabricate PF/CF composites. The mechanical properties and durability of the composites were subsequently investigated. The results revealed that after CF was modified by KH-550, a new characteristic peak emerged at 990 cm-1 in the Fourier transform infrared spectrum of CF, while the peaks near 1 150 cm-1 and 3 485 cm-1 became broader and significantly intensified, indicating that KH-550 had been successfully grafted onto the CF surface. As the content of modified CF increased, both the tensile strength and flexural strength of the PF/CF composites exhibited a trend of initial increase followed by decrease. The friction resistance first improved and then deteriorated, whereas the heat resistance gradually enhanced. When the mass fraction of modified CF was 6%, the comprehensive mechanical properties and durability of PF/CF composites reached the optimum. Compared with PF, the tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites increased by 119.7% and 55.3%, respectively, the wear rate decreased by 75.6%, the initial thermal decomposition temperature rose by 64 ℃, and the final mass residual ratio was 2.02 times that of PF.
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2025年云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2025J1356)
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