聚氯乙烯/聚磷酸铵复合材料的制备及性能研究
Study on Preparation and Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride/ Ammonium Polyphosphate Composites
以不同粒径的两种聚磷酸铵(APP)充当阻燃剂,借助邻苯二甲酸二辛酯及钙锌稳定剂的协同作用对聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂进行改性,随后通过熔融共混挤出流程制备出两种PVC/APP复合材料。采用万能试验机、极限氧指数测定仪与电压击穿试验仪对材料的性能进行测试。实验数据显示:随着APP-1与APP-2添加比例的提高,试样的极限氧指数均呈上升趋势。相较于PVC/APP-1,PVC/APP-2在极限氧指数、拉伸强度及断裂伸长率三项指标上皆显示出优势。当APP-2添加量逐渐增加时,复合材料的拉伸强度与断裂伸长率呈现先增后减的规律;在添加量为10 phr条件下,两项指标分别达到峰值21.5 MPa与142.2%。
Two types of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with different particle sizes were selected as flame retardants. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin was modified under the combined action of dioctyl phthalate and calcium-zinc stabilizers, and then two types of PVC/APP composites were prepared via melt blending and extrusion. The mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and voltage breakdown resistance of these materials were evaluated using a universal testing machine, a limiting oxygen index tester, and a voltage breakdown tester, respectively. Experimental data show that as the addition ratios of APP-1 and APP-2 increase, the LOI values of the samples exhibit an upward trend. Compared with the PVC/APP-1, PVC/APP-2 demonstrates advantages in terms of LOI, tensile strength, and elongation at break. When the APP-2 content is gradually increased, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites follow a pattern of first increasing and then decreasing; at an addition level of 10 phr, both parameters reach their peak values of 21.5 MPa and 142.2%, respectively.
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湖南省自然科学基金项目(2024JJ7371)
湖南省教育厅重点科研项目(24A0558)
江苏省产学研合作项目(BY20250662)
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