ABS复合材料的力学性能和耐热性能研究
Research on Mechanical Properties and Heat Resistance of ABS Composites
将改性玻璃纤维(GF)加入丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物(ABS)中制备ABS/GF复合材料,并对其性能展开研究。通过接触角、红外光谱和微观结构分析硅烷偶联剂(KH550)对GF的改性效果,通过拉伸和弯曲性能、热变形温度、线性热膨胀系数(CLTE)和热重分析研究复合材料的力学性能和耐热性能。结果表明:经KH550改性后的GF与ABS的相容性大幅提高。改性GF质量分数不超过20%时在ABS中均匀分布。随着改性GF掺量的增加,ABS/GF的拉伸强度逐渐增大,断裂伸长率减小,而弯曲性能先显著增大后略有降低。改性GF的加入提高了ABS/GF的耐热性能,ABS/GF的热变形温度和热稳定性提高,CLTE降低。综合分析可知,改性GF的最佳质量分数为20%。与纯ABS相比,ABS/GF的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高83.7%、115.4%和193.5%,热变形温度和起始热分解温度分别提升35 ℃和57 ℃,CLTE降低64.0%。
Modified glass fiber (GF) was incorporated into acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) terpolymer to prepare ABS/GF composites, and their properties were investigated. The modification effect of silane coupling agent (KH550) on GF was analyzed through contact angle measurement, infrared spectroscopy and microstructure observation. The mechanical properties and heat resistance of the composites were studied by tensile and flexural tests, heat deflection temperature, coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE), and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the compatibility between GF and ABS was significantly improved after modification with KH550. When the mass fraction of modified GF did not exceed 20%, GF was uniformly distributed in the ABS matrix. With the increasing of modified GF content, the tensile strength of ABS/GF gradually increased, the elongation at break decreased, while the bending properties first increased significantly and then slightly decreased. The addition of modified GF enhanced the heat resistance of ABS/GF, the heat deflection temperature and thermal stability of ABS/GF were improved, and the CLTE was decreased. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the optimal mass fraction of modified GF was 20%. Compared with pure ABS, the tensile strength, bending strength and bending modulus of ABS/GF increased by 83.7%, 115.4% and 193.5%, respectively. The heat deflection temperature and initial thermal decomposition temperature increased by 35 ℃ and 57 ℃, respectively. The CLTE decreased by 64.0%.
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云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J1250)
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