汽车发动机气门室盖的复杂注塑模具设计
Design of Complex Injection Mold for Valve Cover of Automotive Engine
选用玻璃纤维(GF)增强聚酰胺专用塑料对汽车发动机气门室盖进行注塑成型,添加GF的质量分数为33%。根据某汽车发动机气门室盖的特殊的装配结构,设计一副一模一腔复杂结构的热流道模具。在定模侧创新设计多种脱模机构,包括双联动转轴抽芯结构通过一个油缸的运动实现两个不同方向的脱模,通过设计六瓣内缩机构完成定模侧螺纹特征的成型与脱模。在动模侧设计一套三重叠滑块的三次脱模结构,在其中一个滑块内部设计一种内缩芯结构,解决产品侧向内螺纹孔径为15 mm的脱模问题。动模底部设计1个联动式油缸驱动T形槽滑块斜抽芯机构,将斜向抽芯转化为水平运动方向的抽芯,降低斜抽芯机构零件对模具厚度方向尺寸的要求。冷却系统方面设计“直通式+隔水片+喷泉管式”的随形循环水路,产品采用“直顶+斜顶”的组合推出机构,然后利用机械手将产品取出。实践生产表明,该模具整体结构设计与机构匹配合理,结构上有较好的参考意义。
Glass fiber (GF) reinforced polyamide specialty plastic with a GF mass fraction of 33% was selected for the injection molding of a valve cover of automotive engine. Based on the special assembly structure of a valve cover of a certain automotive engine, a complex hot-runner mold with one-cavity-one-mold configuration was designed. Multiple innovative demolding mechanisms were devised on the stationary mold side, including a dual-linkage rotating shaft core-pulling structure that achieved demolding in two different directions through the motion of a single hydraulic cylinder, and a six-segment internal shrinking mechanism designed to complete the molding and demolding of threaded features on the stationary mold side. On the movable mold side, a triple overlapping slider structure with three-stage demolding was designed, with an internal shrinking core structure incorporated within one of the sliders to address the demolding issue for a product-side internal threaded hole with a diameter of 15 mm. At the bottom of the movable mold, a linkage hydraulic cylinder-driven T-slot slider inclined core-pulling mechanism was designed to convert inclined core-pulling into horizontal motion, reducing the dimensional requirements for inclined core-pulling mechanism components in the mold thickness direction. For the cooling system, a conformal circulating waterway combining "straight-through, baffle, and bubbler" configurations was designed. The product utilized a combined ejection mechanism of "straight ejector pins and angled ejector pins", followed by robotic part removal. Production practice demonstrated that the overall structural design and mechanism matching of this mold were rational, providing significant reference value for similar structural designs.
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