有机硅改性酚醛树脂外墙涂层的制备及其耐候性与热稳定性研究
Preparation of Silicone Modified Phenolic Resin Exterior Wall Coating and Study on Its Weatherability and Thermal Stability
酚醛树脂(PF)虽具有优异的黏结性、耐热性和防腐性,但其固有的脆性、易粉化和耐候性差等缺点限制其在高性能外墙涂层领域的应用。研究以羟甲基酚醛树脂预聚体与端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为原料,通过化学缩聚法成功制备一系列有机硅改性酚醛树脂(PDMS/PF)。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱证实了Si—O—C键的成功生成。系统研究改性涂层的热稳定性、力学性能及耐候性。热重分析表明,当有机硅质量分数为15%时,涂层在800 ℃下的残炭率从未改性PF的55.2%显著提高至65.8%。通过加速老化实验评估其耐候性,经过100 h老化后,15%PDMS/PF涂层的色差仅为3.2,光泽保持率高达85%,远优于未改性PF涂层(色差为12.5,光泽保持率为35%)。研究结果证明,有机硅改性有效协同PF与有机硅的优点,为开发长效高性能外墙防护涂层提供新的材料体系与依据。
Although phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) exhibited excellent adhesion, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance, its inherent drawbacks of brittleness, susceptibility to chalking, and poor weatherability limited its application in the field of high-performance exterior wall coatings. In the study, a series of silicone modified phenol-formaldehyde resins (PDMS/PF) were successfully prepared via chemical polycondensation using hydroxymethyl phenol-formaldehyde resin prepolymer and hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as raw materials. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to confirm the successful formation of Si—O—C bonds. The thermal stability, mechanical properties, and weatherability of the modified coatings were systematically investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that when the silicone mass fraction was 15%, the residual char yield of the coating at 800 ℃ increased significantly from 55.2% for unmodified PF to 65.8%. The weatherability was evaluated through accelerated aging tests. After 100 h of aging, the color difference of the 15% PDMS/PF coating was merely 3.2, and the gloss retention rate reached as high as 85%, which was far superior to that of the unmodified PF coating (color difference of 12.5, gloss retention rate of 35%). The results demonstrated that silicone modification effectively synergized the advantages of both PF and silicone, providing a novel material system and theoretical basis for the development of long-lasting, high-performance exterior wall protective coatings.
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