多环境因子作用对室温硫化硅橡胶老化的影响
Effect of Multi-environmental Factors on Aging of Room Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber
室温硫化硅橡胶(RTV)作为输电线路防污闪治理的关键材料,凭借其优异的憎水性与防污闪性能,已在我国电网中得到广泛应用。然而,在复杂的化学污染环境下,多种环境因子的耦合影响可能引发材料表面特性的劣化,进而威胁电网外绝缘的可靠性。针对RTV材料在特殊环境下的性能劣化问题展开研究,构建多环境因子(乙醇、乙酸乙酯)耦合试验平台,研究不同蒸气作用时间对RTV材料表面特性的影响机制,通过接触角测量、场发射扫描电子显微镜微观形貌表征以及傅里叶变换红外光谱化学结构分析揭示有机蒸气作用下RTV材料表面硅氧烷分子断裂与Al(OH)3填料析出机制。结果表明:有机蒸气渗透作用可导致材料表面Si—O—Si主链及甲基Si—CH3特征峰强度衰减,致使静态接触角降幅达13.88%~27.57%。研究结果为电力设备外绝缘材料的环境适应性评估提供参考。
Room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV), as a key material for anti-pollution flashover treatment in transmission lines, has been widely applied in power grids of China due to its excellent hydrophobicity and anti-pollution flashover performance. However, under complex chemical pollution environments, the coupled effects of multi-environmental factors may induce the deterioration of material surface properties, thereby threatening the reliability of external insulation in power grids. To address the performance degradation of RTV materials under special environmental conditions, a multi-environmental factor (ethanol, ethyl acetate) coupled test platform was constructed to investigate the influence mechanism of different vapor exposure durations on the surface properties of RTV materials. Through contact angle measurement, field emission scanning electron microscopy morphological characterization, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy chemical structure analysis, the mechanism of siloxane molecular chain scission and Al(OH)3 filler precipitation on the RTV material surface under organic vapor exposure was revealed. The results showed that organic vapor penetration led to the attenuation of Si—O—Si backbone and methyl Si—CH3 characteristic peak intensities on the material surface, resulting in a static contact angle reduction of 13.88% to 27.57%. The findings provide a reference for the environmental adaptability assessment of external insulation materials for power equipment.
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国家自然科学基金项目(52007138)
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