Three types of polysulfone (PSF) were selected as the membrane-forming polymer materials, with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent, and ultrafiltration membranes were prepared via the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method. The molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of PSF, as well as the viscosity of the casting solution, were measured. The effects of the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of PSF on the membrane morphology, porosity, pure water flux, molecular weight cutoff (MWCO), and tensile properties were systematically investigated. The results showed that when the mass fraction of PSF in the casting solution was 18.5% and the molecular weight of PSF increased from 83.0 kg/mol (PSF-A) to 90.5 kg/mol (PSF-B), the porosity of the membranes slightly decreased, the pure water flux of the prepared ultrafiltration membranes increased from 288 L/(m2·h) to 368 L/(m2·h), and the MWCO increased from 89 200 Da to 93 200 Da. When PSF-C with a molecular weight similar to that of PSF-B but a broader molecular weight distribution was used, the MWCO of the prepared ultrafiltration membrane further increased to 97 300 Da. With increasing molecular weight of PSF, the tensile strength of the PSF ultrafiltration membranes gradually increases from 9.22 MPa to 9.66 MPa.
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