玻璃纤维改性阻燃PET复合材料制备与性能研究
Study on Preparation and Properties of Glass Fibre Modified Flame-retardant PET Composites
采用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷/十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(KH550/CTAB)复配体系对玻璃纤维(GF)进行表面改性,以聚磷酸铵/季戊四醇(APP/PER)环保复配阻燃体系替代传统卤锑阻燃体系。通过熔融共混以及注塑成型工艺制备改性玻璃纤维(CK-GF)增强阻燃聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)复合材料,探究GF及CK-GF含量对复合材料综合性能的影响。结果表明:KH550/CTAB复配改性可在GF表面构建活性界面层,显著提升GF表面粗糙度与润湿性,有效改善GF与PET基体的界面相容性。CK-GF含量对复合材料的力学性能、保温性能及阻燃性能具有关键调控作用。当CK-GF质量分数为15%时,综合性能最佳。此时,复合材料拉伸强度为82.3 MPa,缺口冲击强度为11.2 kJ/m2,断裂伸长率为4.8%,满足建筑轻型构件韧性要求。该复合材料导热系数低至0.151 W/(m·K),隔热保温性能最优;极限氧指数达33.8%,UL-94阻燃等级达V-0级,符合建筑材料阻燃标准。该复合材料兼具力学承载、隔热保温与防火安全功能,适用于绿色建筑围护结构。
A combined surface modification system of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (KH550/CTAB) was adopted to modify glass fibers (GF). An environmentally friendly ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol (APP/PER) flame-retardant system was employed to replace the conventional halogen-antimony flame-retardant system. Modified glass fibers (CK-GF) reinforced flame-retardant poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) composites were prepared via melt blending and injection molding. The effects of GF and CK-GF content on the overall performance of the composites were investigated. The results showed that the KH550/CTAB combined modification constructed an active interfacial layer on the GF surface, significantly improving the surface roughness and wettability of GF, and effectively enhancing the interfacial compatibility between GF and the PET matrix. The CK-GF content played a key role in regulating the mechanical properties, thermal insulation performance, and flame retardancy of the composites. At a CK-GF mass fraction of 15%, the composites exhibited optimal overall performance, with a tensile strength of 82.3 MPa, a notched impact strength of 11.2 kJ/m2, and an elongation at break of 4.8%, meeting the toughness requirements for lightweight building components. The composites exhibited a low thermal conductivity of 0.151 W/(m·K), demonstrating superior thermal insulation performance. The limit oxygen index reached 33.8%, and the UL-94 rating reached V-0, complying with flame-retardant standards for building materials. The composites integrated mechanical load-bearing capacity, thermal insulation, and fire safety, making them suitable for green building envelope structures.
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太原学院引进人才科研启动经费项目(25TYKY113)
太原学院院级科研项目(25TYQN11)
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