不同改性剂对PP/竹纤维复合材料力学性能的影响
Effect of Different Modifiers on Mechanical Properties of PP/Bamboo Fiber Composites
为提高竹纤维(BF)与聚丙烯(PP)的相容性,探究改性剂种类对PP/BF复合材料力学性能的影响。研究表明:BF经NaOH处理后,表面粗糙度增加。再用硅烷偶联剂(KH550)和钛酸酯偶联剂(TECA)对其进行改性,得到K-BF和T-BF,两种改性BF的表面粗糙度进一步增加,BF与PP相容性提高。采用改性BF制备的复合材料拉伸强度、硬度和耐磨性能明显提高。当改性BF添加量为30 phr时,复合材料的拉伸强度、硬度和耐磨性能最佳。与PP相比,添加K-BF和T-BF的复合材料拉伸强度分别提高26.0%和23.9%,洛氏硬度分别提高14.1%和10.1%,磨损率分别降低76.5%和62.7%,而断裂伸长率分别降低10.4%和6.7%。因此,改性剂种类影响复合材料力学性能的增强效果,KH550对复合材料的刚性性能增强效果好,而TECA对复合材料的柔性性能增强效果好。
To improve the compatibility between bamboo fiber (BF) and polypropylene (PP), the influence of modifier types on the mechanical properties of PP/BF composites was investigated. The results showed that after NaOH treatment, the surface roughness of BF was increased. Subsequently, the treated BF was modified with a silane coupling agent (KH550) and a titanate coupling agent (TECA), resulting in K-BF and T-BF, respectively. Both modified BF samples exhibited further increased surface roughness and improved compatibility with PP. The tensile strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the composites prepared with modified BF were significantly enhanced. When the modified BF content reached 30 phr, the composites achieved optimal tensile strength, hardness, and wear resistance. Compared with PP, the tensile strength increased by 26.0% and 23.9%, the Rockwell hardness increased by 14.1% and 10.1%, the wear rate decreased by 76.5% and 62.7%, while the elongation at break decreased by 10.4% and 6.7%, respectively. Therefore, the type of modifier influenced the enhancement of the mechanical properties of the composites. KH550 demonstrated a better effect on improving the rigidity, whereas TECA exhibited a superior effect on enhancing the flexibility of the composites.
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云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2025J1356)
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