熵权-TOPSIS-灰色关联法在涡轮管注塑工艺参数优化中的应用研究
Application and Study of Entropy Weight-TOPSIS-Grey Correlation Method in Optimization of Injection Molding Process Parameters for Turbine Pipe
研究针对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)涡轮管道注塑成型工艺参数优化问题,构建熵权-TOPSIS-灰色关联法三阶段多目标优化框架。在初始仿真条件下,涡轮管道最大翘曲变形量为1.561 0 mm,体积收缩率为8.979 0%,存在明显成型缺陷。研究采用L25(56)正交表设计试验,通过熵权法确定翘曲变形量权重为0.691 9,体积收缩率权重为0.308 1。TOPSIS分析表明,当模具温度为120 ℃、熔体温度为280 ℃、保压压力为120 MPa、冷却时间为25 s、顶出温度为75 ℃时,相对贴近度最高(0.875 8),灰色关联度为0.887 8。极差分析显示,保压压力对系统性能影响最大。优化后翘曲变形量降至0.499 1 mm,体积收缩率降至4.226 0%,缩痕指数由4.114%降至3.555%,实际注塑试验验证了该优化方案的有效性与工业适应性,形成“客观赋权-多指标排序-结果验证”的闭环优化路径,为复杂结构透明注塑件的多目标工艺优化提供参考。
To address the optimization of process parameters for the injection molding of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) turbine pipes, a three-stage multi-objective optimization framework integrating the entropy weight-TOPSIS-grey correlation method was established. Under the initial simulation conditions, the maximum warpage deformation of the turbine pipe was 1.561 0 mm, and the volumetric shrinkage was 8.979 0%, indicating significant molding defects. An L25(56) orthogonal array was employed for test design. The entropy weight method determined the weights for warpage deformation and volumetric shrinkage as 0.691 9 and 0.308 1, respectively. The TOPSIS analysis revealed that the highest relative closeness (0.875 8) and a grey relational grade of 0.887 8 were achieved under the conditions of a mold temperature of 120 ℃, a melt temperature of 280 ℃, a holding pressure of 120 MPa, a cooling time of 25 s, and an ejection temperature of 75 ℃. Range analysis indicated that holding pressure exerted the greatest influence on system performance. After optimization, the warpage deformation was reduced to 0.499 1 mm, the volumetric shrinkage decreased to 4.226 0%, and the sink mark index was reduced from 4.114% to 3.555%. Actual injection molding trials validated the effectiveness and industrial adaptability of the optimized scheme, forming a closed-loop optimization path of "objective weighting-multi-index ranking-result validation", which provides a reference for the multi-objective process optimization of complex transparent injection-molded parts.
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湖北省教育厅2023年教育智库研究重点委托项目(HBZJZK2305)
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