Objective This study aims to explore the coordination of production-living-ecological functions of rural settlements and identify their remediation types, providing a scientific basis for the differentiated advancement of comprehensive rural settlement remediation and optimization of rural spatial patterns in Hohhot. Methods Based on the theory of production-living-ecological functions, an evaluation indicator system for rural settlements was constructed from the perspectives of production, living, and ecology. The kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation, and coupling coordination degree model were used to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of these three functions and their coordination of rural settlements. Additionally, the self-organizing feature map (SOFM) neural network model was introduced to classify the remediation types. Results (1) Rural settlements exhibited strong spatial heterogeneity with multiple core areas, and their spatial distribution was significantly concentrated in low-altitude areas and the centers of towns. (2) The production, living, and ecological functions were significantly positively correlated, with their spatial distributions showing a “barbell-shaped”, “semi-ring-shaped”, and “scattered band-shaped” pattern, respectively. (3) The overall coordination of the three functions of rural settlements was relatively good, but pairwise coordination between individual functions was more complex. The average coordination degree ranked as: production-ecology > production-living > living-ecology. (4) Rural settlements could be classified into five types: suburban integration type, agglomeration and upgrading type, retention and development type, scale control type, and key remediation type, with corresponding optimization modes proposed. Conclusion The coupling coordination of the three functions of rural settlements in the main urban area of Hohhot is significantly higher than that in its banners and counties. It is recommended to promote the reconstruction and optimization of rural settlements and rural space according to the identified remediation types.
基于GeoDa平台对农村居民点生产、生活及生态功能进行全局莫兰指数分析,并绘制相应的Moran′s I 散点图。结果显示农村居民点三生功能散点主要集中在第一、三象限,同时存在少量异常分布,生产功能、生活功能和生态功能莫兰指数分别为0.690,0.828,0.629(p=0.001),均通过显著性检验。这表明农村居民点三生功能在空间分布上具有显著正向关联性,空间自相关强度表现为生活功能>生产功能>生态功能,即生活功能空间集聚效应最强,生产功能次之,生态功能相对较弱(图3)。
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