1.State Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecology and Environment in Arid Area,Xi′an University of;Technology,Xi′an 710048,China
2.State Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration;on Ecological Hydrology and Disaster Prevention in Arid Regions,Xi ′an 710048,China
3.Key Laboratory of;Ecological Restoration in Shaanxi North Mining Area,Yulin University,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China
Objective This study aims to investigate the effects of backfilling restoration of mining ground fissures on plant communities and soil physicochemical properties, so as to provide a scientific basis for further ecological restoration in the coal mining subsidence areas of northern Shaanxi. Methods In this study, the ground fissures (tensile fissures and collapse fissures) after backfilling were taken as the research objects, and the natural grassland undisturbed by the ground fissures was selected as the control. Field investigation of plant communities and soil sampling were carried out. The species composition, vegetation density, coverage, and community diversity of plant communities were analyzed. The aggregate particle size, particle composition, and available nutrients of 0—10, 10—20 and 20—40 cm soil layers were measured, and the correlation analysis among indicators was carried out using the Mantel test. Results (1) After the backfilling restoration of mining ground fissures, the number of species, coverage, and richness were significantly lower than those of the natural grassland undisturbed by ground fissures, with the effects being more pronounced in collapse fissures. (2) Compared with the natural grassland, the soil damage rate significantly increased after the backfilling and restoration of mining fissures, while the mean weight diameter and median particle size decreased, indicating poorer soil stability. (3) After the backfilling restoration of ground fissures, the soil available phosphorus content significantly decreased. Conclusion After the backfilling restoration of mining ground fissures, the plant communities and soil physicochemical properties would be difficult to recover to the condition of natural grasslands undisturbed by fissures in the short term. Ecological restoration in the later stage can be achieved through appropriate supplementation of phosphorus fertilizer.
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