1.Fujian Academy of Forestry Sciences,Fuzhou 350012,China
2.Fujian Wuyishan National Park Ecological;Positioning Research Station,Wuyishan,Fujian 354315,China
3.Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest;Cultivation and Forest Products Processing and Utilization,Fuzhou 350012,China
4.Institute of Forest Ecology and;Carbon Sequestration Measurement,Fujian Forestry Vocational and Technical College,Nanping,Fujian 353000,China
5.Fujian Scientific Research and Monitoring Center of Wuyishan National Park,Wuyishan,Fujian 354315,China
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文章历史+
Received
Accepted
Published
2025-09-05
2025-10-17
2026-08-10
Issue Date
2026-09-04
PDF (1732K)
摘要
目的 探究中亚热带退化森林恢复过程中物种多样性与结构多样性对生态系统碳储量的协同驱动机制,为指导中亚热带地区退化森林碳汇功能的提升提供科学依据。 方法 以恢复初期马尾松林(Pinus massoniana forest of early stage recovery,ERPF)、恢复中期马尾松林(P. massoniana forest of middle stage recovery,MRPF)和恢复后期米槠林(Castanopsis carlesii forest of later stage recovery,LRCF)为研究对象,通过野外群落调查和室内分析,系统分析了不同恢复阶段的物种多样性、群落结构多样性及生态系统碳储量的动态变化。 结果 随恢复进程推进,乔木层物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数及生态系统碳储量均显著增加。Shannon指数从0.626升高至3.014,而生态系统碳储量从88.29 t/hm²增至315.02 t/hm²,其中乔木层和土壤层碳储量持续增长,至恢复后期分别达到145.95 t/hm²和166.18 t/hm²;草本层碳储量呈下降趋势,从恢复前期的0.95 t/hm²降至恢复后期的0.27 t/hm²,可能与林冠郁闭度增大导致的光资源受限有关。恢复前期以土壤碳储量为主(52.28%),中后期则以乔木碳储量为主(56.82%和52.67%)。恢复后期,大径级(>30 cm)和高树木(>16 m)个体成为碳储存主体,分别贡献63.0%和83.04%的乔木碳储量。线性相关与回归分析表明,物种多样性与结构多样性在退化森林恢复过程中均显著提升生态系统碳储量,表明物种多样性和结构多样性共同驱动生态系统碳储量。 结论 在退化森林恢复过程中,物种多样性与结构多样性共同驱动生态系统碳储量累积,恢复后期大径级与高树木个体成为乔木层碳储主体。因此,管理实践应注重促进大径级林木生长与构建复层冠层结构,以有效提升生态系统碳汇功能。
Abstract
Objective This study investigates the synergistic driving mechanisms of species diversity and structural diversity on ecosystem carbon storage during the restoration process of degraded mid-subtropical forests, aiming to provide a scientific basis for enhancing the carbon sequestration function of degraded forests in this area. MethodsPinus massoniana forests at early (ERPF) and middle (MRPF) restoration stages, and a late-stage Castanopsis carlesii forest (LRCF) were selected as research objects. Field community surveys and laboratory analyses were conducted to systematically analyze the dynamic changes in species diversity, community structural diversity, and ecosystem carbon storage across these restoration stages. Results As restoration progressed, the species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the tree layer, as well as ecosystem carbon storage, increased significantly. The Shannon index increased from 0.626 to 3.014, while the total ecosystem carbon storage increased from 88.29 t/hm² to 315.02 t/hm². Among these, carbon storage in the tree and soil layers continued to increase, reaching 145.95 t/hm² and 166.18 t/hm², respectively, in the late restoration stage. In contrast, carbon storage in the herb layer decreased from 0.95 t/hm² in the early stage to 0.27 t/hm² in the late stage, which may be related to light limitation due to increased canopy closure. In the early restoration stage, soil carbon storage dominated (52.28%), while in the middle and late stages, tree carbon storage became dominant (56.82% and 52.67%, respectively). In the late stage, large-diameter (>30 cm) and tall (>16 m) tree individuals became the dominant component of carbon storage, accounting for 63.0% and 83.04% of the tree layer carbon storage, respectively. Linear correlation and regression analyses indicated that both species diversity and structural diversity significantly enhanced ecosystem carbon storage during the restoration of degraded forests, demonstrating their joint driving effect on ecosystem carbon storage. Conclusion Across the restoration process of degraded forests, species diversity and structural diversity jointly drive the accumulation of ecosystem carbon storage. In the later stages of restoration, large-diameter and tall trees become the dominant components of carbon storage in the tree layer. Therefore, management practices should focus on promoting the growth of large-diameter trees and constructing multilayered canopy structures to effectively enhance the carbon sequestration function of ecosystems.
因此,本研究以福建省典型中亚热带退化森林为对象,分别选取长汀县和沙县区的马尾松林代表恢复前期(Pinus massoniana forest of early stage recovery, ERPF)和中期阶段(P. massoniana forest of middle stage recovery, MRPF),并以武夷山市的米槠林(Castanopsis carlesii forest of late stage recovery, LRCF)作为恢复后期的参照,通过对比分析不同恢复阶段物种多样性、结构多样性与碳储量的变化,旨在系统阐明物种与结构多样性在恢复过程中的演变规律,揭示结构多样性(尤其是大径级与高树木个体)在驱动恢复后期碳储量提升中的关键角色,并分析物种与结构多样性对生态系统碳储量的协同驱动机制,以期为中亚热带退化森林的生态恢复与水土保持功能协同增效提供科学依据。
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