Objective This study aims to explore the spatial heterogeneity and influencing factors of cultivated land fragmentation across different geomorphic regions in Hubei Province, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating differentiated zoning control strategies, thereby facilitating targeted consolidation of cultivated land and safeguarding food security. Methods An evaluation index system was established to assess the cultivated land fragmentation in various geomorphic regions of Hubei Province. A random forest model was applied to analyze the impact mechanisms of various influencing factors, followed by the use of a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) for delineating fragmentation control zones. Results (1) Cultivated land fragmentation in Hubei Province exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity, with the degree of fragmentation progressively decreasing from mountainous to hilly areas, and then to plain areas. (2) In mountainous and hilly areas, slope, population density, and soil quality had a stronger impact on fragmentation, whereas in plain areas, population density, GDP, NPP (Net Primary Productivity), and distance to road were more influential. (3) The nonlinear relationship between cultivated land fragmentation and influencing factors was more complex in mountainous and hilly areas, characterized by multi-peak mutations and significant threshold effects, while in plain areas, the influencing factors mostly showed a monotonous positive or negative correlation. (4) Among the cultivated land fragmentation control zones in Hubei Province, the comprehensive improvement zone accounted for the largest proportion (27.03%), and there were obvious differences in the status of cultivated land fragmentation among different control zones. Conclusion The degree and influencing mechanisms of cultivated land fragmentation vary significantly across different geomorphic regions. Establishing a differentiated governance system of “plain improvement, mountainous area control, and suburban coordination” can advance the scale management of cultivated land and enhance the level of agricultural modernization, thereby providing a model for high-quality agricultural development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
基于客观赋权法——熵权法计算指标权重。对原始数据进行标准化处理,计算指标熵值,得到准则层权重:规模性为0.52,聚集性为0.33,规整性为0.15。指标层权重见表1。将前述各评价指标进行线性组合加权,建立综合性指数——耕地细碎化指数(Cultivated Land Fragmentation Index, CLFI),以此来对湖北省不同地貌区耕地细碎化的程度进行量化评估,公式如下:
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