Objective This study investigates carbon storage associated with land use in Henan Province, aiming to provide scientific support for optimizing land use structure and enhancing regional carbon sequestration capacity. Methods Based on the PLUS-InVEST model and land use data from Henan Province, this study investigated land use changes and the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of carbon storage under multiple scenarios. Results (1) From 2000 to 2020, the land use structure in Henan Province changed significantly, with cultivated land decreasing by 4 869.027 km² and construction land increasing by 7 280.851 km². (2) By 2030, distinct differences in land use evolution were projected for Henan Province: the cultivated land protection scenario exhibited the most stable structure, the urban development scenario showed the most drastic changes, while the natural development and ecological protection scenarios demonstrated unconstrained evolution and coordinated balance characteristics, respectively. (3) From 2000 to 2020, carbon storage in Henan Province exhibited a divergent pattern, while the construction land carbon storage increasing differentially and the cultivated land carbon storage declined steadily. (4) From 2020 to 2030, significant changes in carbon storage were expected in Henan Province. Carbon storage increased under the cultivated land protection and ecological protection scenarios but decreased under other scenarios. Spatially, the distribution exhibited a pattern of concentrated high-value areas, widely distributed medium-value areas, and scattered low-value areas. Conclusion Henan Province should establish a spatially differentiated governance system: optimizing forest and grassland layout in mountainous regions of western and southern Henan, implementing cultivated land protection in plain areas of eastern and northern Henan, and strictly controlling urban expansion in central urbanized regions. A multi-scenario coordinated optimization strategy is conducive to maintaining regional carbon storage stability.
结合现有研究成果[16-18]和河南土地利用特点,选用2000年、2010年和2020年3期土地利用数据,数据来源于土地利用数据库CLCD(China Land Cover Dataset),选取人口和GDP等12项驱动因素,数据来源如表1所示。为确保坐标和行列数统一,利用ArcGIS 10.8对原始数据进行处理,12种驱动因素栅格数据精度统一为30 m×30 m,高程数据来自地理空间数据云ASTER GDEM 30 m,坡度坡向由高程数据提取获得,各级道路、县政府、水域等距离采用“欧氏距离”计算获取。
1.2 研究方法
1.2.1 PLUS模型
采用PLUS(Patch-generating Land Use Simulation)模型进行多情景模拟。其中,基于用地扩张分析策略(Land Expansion Analysis Strategy, LEAS)模块用于测算其土地扩张潜力,多类随机斑块种子CA(CARS)模块进行精度验证,确保模型分析结果可靠性。参考已有研究成果[12,17]并结合河南土地利用现状特征,构建不同情景下土地利用转移矩阵,由表2可知,将其作为核心限制条件引入分析;同时,纳入经计算获取的领域权重参数,其中耕地、林地、草地、水域、空地和建设用地权重分别为0.18,0.06,0.02,0.24,0.01,0.48,通过CARS模块生成2020年模拟土地利用变化图,利用Kappa系数评估模拟性能。
QiM, WangF, HuaY C, et al. Assessment of land use change and carbon storage in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region based on PLUS and InVEST models[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023,37(6):194-200.
ShiB J, ZhaoY Y, WuL Y, et al. Spatiotemporal dynamic prediction of carbon storage in the Yellow River(Henan Section) and analysis of its driving factors[J].Environmental Science,2026,47(4):2520-2533.
ZhangK, WuX P, LiuY Q, et al. Spatiotemporal evolution and prediction of carbon storage in Xinjiang using the PLUS-InVEST model[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2025,42(9):1715-1725.
WangZ J, ZhangJ Y, LiH Y,et al.Multi-scale spatio-temporal evolution and multi-scenario simulation of land use conflict in Chongqing[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2024,44(3):1024-1039.
YuZ X, LiuY. Spatiotemporal evolution and multi-scenario projections of carbon storage in the Xiangjiang River basin using the PLUS and InVEST models[J]. Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment,2026,43(2):355-365.
ZhaoJ J, ZhouS, GeY X, et al. Multi-scenario simulation of land use and carbon stock assessment in the urban agglomeration around Taihu Lake based on PLUS-InVEST-geodetector model[J]. Environmental Science, 2026,47(2):880-891.
NiuY W, ZhaoX C, HuY J. Spatial variation of carbon emissions from county land use in Chang-Zhu-Tan area based on NPP-VIIRS night light[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2021,41(9):3847-3856.
YuanS F, TangY Y. Spatial differentiation of land use carbon emission in the Yangtze River economic belt based on low carbon perspective[J]. Economic Geography, 2019,39(2):190-198.
LiJ K, ShaoZ L. Spatiotemporal evolution and prediction of carbon stock in Urumqi City based on PLUS and InVEST models[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024,41(3):499-508.
HeX H, XuY T, FanX F, et al. Temporal and spatial variation and prediction of regional carbon storage in Zhongyuan Urban Agglomeration[J]. China Environmental Science, 2022,42(6):2965-2976.
MaY, LiuZ Z. Study on the spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factors of land use carbon emissions in the Yellow River Basin[J]. Ecological Economy, 2021,37(7):35-43.
LiuY, ZhaoR Q, JiaoS X. Research on carbon sources/sinks of land use of Henan Province[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2010,17(5):154-157,162.
MengQ X, LiuQ, LiB L, et al. Decoupling relationship between land use intensity and carbon emissions in Henan Province during 2000-2020[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023,43(3):421-429.
WangS, ZhaoX, ZhouS H. Exploring the impact of future multi-scenario land use change on Henan Province regional carbon storage[J]. Environmental Science, 2025,46(6):3830-3845.
LiuP D, HuangL, MengF, et al. Multi-scenario prediction and ecological security pattern construction based on InVEST-PLUS model: a case study of Liaoning Province[J]. Environmental Science, 2026,47(1):467-480.
ZhangK, GuoR Z, WuJ. The spatio-temporal evolution and scenario simulation of carbon storage in the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration based on the PLUS-InVEST model[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026,24(1):252-269.
ZhangX H, DuM, WangL X,et al. Spatiotemporal evolution and multi-scenario prediction of carbon storage in Qingyang City based on PLUS-InVEST model[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,33(4):317-329.
SunY C, WangW Y, LiuD L, et al. Analysis of spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of carbon storage in Henan Province based on LUCC[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025,32(4):266-278.