Objective This study aims to reveal the patterns of soil moisture movement in oasis farmlands and desert transition zones, providing scientific references for exploring regional hydrological connections and the rational utilization of water resources. Methods HYDRUS-2D was used to simulate moisture movement in the desert-oasis transition zone and farmland, and the water fluxes and the ecological significance of lateral seepage from farmland were quantitatively analyzed. Results (1) HYDRUS-2D accurately simulated soil moisture content across different land types and could precisely calculate water flux. The R² values for the transition zone and farmland simulations were 0.64 and 0.74, while the RMSE values were 0.008 and 0.009, respectively. (2) During the simulation period, the cumulative deep percolation in the transition zone and farmland was 43.19 mm and 72.97 mm, respectively. Deep percolation losses were particularly large during the maize seedling and maturity stages. It may be advisable to reduce the single irrigation amount or increase irrigation frequency during these stages to reasonably optimize irrigation schedules. Following farmland irrigation, approximately 66.02 mm of water laterally moved from the farmland to replenish the adjacent transition zone. (3) In the transition zone near the farmland (0~10 m), vegetation was more abundant and exhibited better growth compared to areas farther from the farmland (40~50 m). The total vegetation count near the farmland was 260% higher, with an average plant height difference of 59.10%, an average crown width difference of 81.88%, and a coverage difference of 27%. Conclusion Soil moisture in the desert-oasis transition zone and adjacent oasis farmlands demonstrates pronounced spatial heterogeneity. After farmland irrigation, part of the water laterally replenishes the adjacent transition zone, facilitating vegetation recovery and growth in transition zone.
(2) 蒸散发模型。HYDRUS-2D模型模拟土壤水分运动前需要输入潜在蒸散量,基于研究区气象站实测气象数据,采用彭曼公式计算参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET),利用单作物系数法计算作物潜在蒸发蒸腾量(ET p ),由于在玉米不同的生育阶段,作物系数取值有差异,故参考前人研究采用分段单值平均法来确定,分别为苗期—拔节期Kc1∶0.3,拔节期—灌浆期Kc2∶1.2,灌浆期—成熟期Kc3∶0.6[19]。
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