Spatiotemporal differentiation and driving mechanisms of green land use efficiency in Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration under carbon emission constraints
Objective Green land use efficiency under the “dual carbon” goals serves as an important indicator for assessing high-quality regional development. This study investigates the spatiotemporal differentiation and driving mechanisms of green land use efficiency to provide a basis for promoting the transformation toward green land use development. Methods Carbon emissions were incorporated as an undesirable output into the evaluation indicator system. The super-efficiency SBM model, exploratory spatial data analysis, and geographically and temporally weighted regression were employed to systematically examine the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics and driving mechanisms of green land use efficiency in 41 cities of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 2010 to 2022. Results(1) From a temporal perspective, green land use efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration showed a fluctuating upward trend during the study period. The average value increased from 0.563 to 0.713, representing an overall increase of approximately 26.64%. The standard deviation decreased from 0.316 to 0.289, and the coefficient of variation decreased from 0.562 to 0.405, indicating that both the absolute and relative disparities in green land use efficiency among cities continuously narrowed. Spatially, green land use efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration exhibited an uneven pattern characterized by “high in the east and low in the west”. Cities in the eastern coastal areas and along the Yangtze River had relatively higher levels, while cities in Anhui Province, northern Jiangsu Province, and southwestern Zhejiang Province had relatively lower levels. (2) Green land use efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration exhibited a significant positive global spatial autocorrelation. Local spatial characteristics included three types: high-high clustering, low-low clustering, and high-low clustering. (3) Economic development, industrial structure, infrastructure, informatization, and government regulation significantly influenced green land use efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, but the strength of these effects exhibited spatiotemporal heterogeneity. Conclusion Green land use efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is affected by multiple factors and exhibits significant spatiotemporal differentiation. Each city should consider its own development stage and industrial level, accurately identify the dominant factors, and implement targeted development policies according to local conditions.
探索性空间数据分析(Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis, ESDA)作为测度属性数据空间相关性的常用分析方法,包括全局空间自相关和局部空间自相关。全局空间自相关主要用于分析属性数据在整个区域内的关联和集聚特征,本文采用指数来考察长三角城市群国土绿色利用效率的全局空间关联特征,其计算公式如下:
为更深入地揭示长三角城市群国土绿色利用效率的空间分异特征,选取2010年、2016年、2022年国土绿色利用效率的空间格局进行可视化(图2),考虑研究期内所有样本效率值的实际分布情况,参考相关研究[25],将国土绿色利用效率(Green Land Use Efficiency,GLUE)划分为5种类型,分别为低效率(GLUE≤0.4)、中低效率(0.4<GLUE≤0.6)、中效率(0.6<GLUE≤0.8)、中高效率(0.8<GLUE≤1.0)和高效率(GLUE>1.0)。
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