1.Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station,College of Forestry,Shandong Agricultural;University,Tai′an,Shandong 271018,China
2.Co -innovation Center for Soil-Water and;Forest-Grass Ecological Conservation in Yellow River Basin of Shandong Higher Education Institutions,Tai′an,Shandong 271018,China
Objective This study explores the effect of starch-based sand-fixing agents on the soil properties of desertified farmland, thereby providing a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the restoration and quality improvement of desertified land in arid and semi-arid regions. Methods A randomized block design was adopted, and a control (CK) and three concentration treatments of 1∶35 (G35), 1∶75 (G75), and 1∶125 (G125) were set up in the desertified farmland of Dalad Banner, Inner Mongolia. Soil physicochemical and microbial indicators in the 0—20 cm soil layer were measured, and the soil improvement effect was quantified by constructing a minimum dataset (MDS). Results After 120 days of G75 treatment, the contents of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium increased by 15.61%, 14.97%, 7.89%, and 19.74%, respectively, compared with CK. The nutrient increase under the G35 treatment was higher. Soil enzyme activity increased in a concentration-dependent manner, reaching a peak after the G35 treatment. Bacterial richness and evenness decreased by 11.9% and 2.2%, respectively, compared with CK, while the relative abundance of Myxococcota increased to 5.15%, indicating significant differences in the microbial community structure. The G75 treatment showed better ecological stability. The soil quality index (SQI) calculated from the MDS was ranked as G35 (0.69) > G75 (0.48) > CK (0.41) > G125 (0.30), with no significant difference between CK and G125, and G35 exhibiting the best soil improvement efficiency. Conclusion Starch-based sand-fixing agents exert soil improvement effects through an “exogenous carbon-microorganisms-nutrient” coupled mechanism. High concentrations increase SQI at the expense of microbial diversity, while medium concentrations achieve a balance between soil improvement efficiency and ecological security. The findings provide theoretical support for the optimal allocation of sand-fixing agents and the sustainable management of desertified farmland in the region.
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