Objective This study aims to explore the coupling coordination relationship between agricultural land transfer and rural revitalization, thereby providing a basis for promoting the high-quality development of rural areas. Methods Based on provincial panel data in China from 2010 to 2023, this study applied coupling coordination degree, spatial autocorrelation, and econometric methods to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of the coupling coordination between agricultural land transfer and rural revitalization. Results In terms of time sequence, the level of agricultural land transfer and rural revitalization in China generally showed a fluctuating upward trend. With 2017 as the inflection point, their relationship shifted from synergistic growth to divergent growth rates, and the regional gap changed from absolute expansion to relative narrowing. Meanwhile, the coupling coordination degree between the two increased from near imbalance to intermediate coordination, exhibiting a clear gradient pattern of eastern region>central region>western region. Spatially, the coupling coordination degree between agricultural land transfer and rural revitalization of the 30 provinces generally exhibited a distribution pattern of high in the eastern region, followed by the central region, and low in the western region. Its growth rate demonstrated spatial differentiation characteristics of multi-polar leadership and gradient leapfrogging. Additionally, it formed a spatial clustering pattern featuring a high-high clustering area centered around the Yangtze River Delta that gradually expands, and a low-low clustering area in Sichuan Province in the western region. The economic development level, government fiscal capacity, and land policies were the core factors affecting the level of coupling coordination between agricultural land transfer and rural revitalization. The agricultural industrial structure had an inhibitory effect, and the influencing factors differed among regions. Conclusion From 2010 to 2023, the level of coupling coordination between agricultural land transfer and rural revitalization in China steadily improved, with spatial disparities gradually converging, primarily influenced by multiple factors including economic development and policy effects.
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