基于场协同原理的泡沫金属热沉换热强化

Enhanced Heat Transfer in Metal Foam Heat Sinks Based on Field Synergy Principles

摘要

泡沫金属是一种优良的传热材料，可结合多种换热手段实现强化传热。为了阐明泡沫金属热沉的强化传热机理，本文基于场协同原理研究了泡沫金属热沉对冲击射流换热效果的影响，并通过数值模拟分析了结构参数对微通道泡沫金属翅片热沉传热性能的作用。协同角分析表明，二次再循环涡流是泡沫金属影响流场和温度场变化的主要原因，特征数方程印证了泡沫金属孔隙参数的影响规律。努塞尔数的增大和协同角的减小表明，流场和温度场分布均匀的换热结构可实现更强的热量传递。

Abstract

Metal foam possesses a large heat transfer surface area due to its porous structure, making it an excellent heat transfer material. Enhanced heat transfer can be achieved by combining metal foam with various heat exchange methods. The principle of field synergy focuses on the interaction between flow field and temperature field. It is a method that explains the causes of heat transfer in fluid flow by leveraging the correlation between flow and heat transfer. To elucidate the enhanced heat transfer mechanism of metal foam heat sinks, the influence of metal foam heat sinks on the heat exchange performance of impinging jets is investigated based on the field synergy principle. The synergy angle indicates that the secondary recirculation vortex is the primary cause of changes in the flow field and temperature field influenced by metal foam. Advancing the secondary recirculation vortex enables more intense heat exchange. The characteristic number equation corroborates the influence pattern of metal foam pore properties. To further illustrate the application of field synergy principles in guiding the optimization of heat transfer structures, numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the influence of structural parameters on the heat transfer performance of microchannel metal foam fin heat sinks. Heat transfer structures with uniform flow and temperature distributions enable enhanced heat transfer. Rational performance evaluation metrics are pivotal for optimizing metal foam heat sink designs. Both an increased Nusselt number and a decreased synergy angle effectively characterize improvements in heat sink performance.

关键词

强化传热 / 泡沫金属 / 场协同 / 努塞尔数 / 热沉

Key words

enhanced heat transfer / metal foam / field synergy / Nusselt number / heat sink

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