正弦振荡来流下低雷诺数圆柱的绕流模态分析

Modal analysis of flow around a circular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers under sinusoidal oscillating inflow

摘要

针对非零均值正弦振荡来流下的低雷诺数圆柱绕流问题开展非定常流动模拟，采用本征正交分解(POD)方法对其尾流结构进行分析。运用数值模拟方法模拟固定速度来流、低频正弦振荡来流和高频正弦振荡来流工况下的圆柱周围流场数据，并分别对压力场、顺流向速度场和横流向速度场进行分解与分析。结果表明：正弦振荡来流会引发能量向高阶模态传递，需要更多阶模态才能达到与均匀流相同的流场表征精度；高频正弦振荡来流会重构压力主导模态，使表征周期脉动压力的第2阶模态取代第1阶平均模态；正弦振荡来流会在模态时间系数主频中引入来流频率成分，当该频率成分为主频时，对应的模态云图与均匀流场差异显著。研究结果可为海洋工程深海立管、海上风电桩等结构在振荡流下的流固耦合分析提供理论参考。

Abstract

Unsteady flow simulations were conducted for low-Reynolds-number circular cylinder flow under non-zero-mean sinusoidally oscillating inflow, and the wake structure was analyzed by using proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method. Numerical simulations were performed to model flow fields around a circular cylinder under steady inflow, low-frequency sinusoidally oscillating inflow, and high-frequency sinusoidally oscillating inflow conditions, and the pressure field, streamwise velocity field, and transverse velocity field were then decomposed and analyzed respectively. The results show that sinusoidally oscillating inflow induces energy transfer to higher-order modes, requiring more modal orders to achieve the same flow field representation accuracy as steady inflow. High-frequency sinusoidally oscillating inflow reorganizes pressure-dominant modes, causing the second-order mode representing periodic fluctuating pressure to supersede the first-order mean mode. The sinusoidally oscillating inflow induces superposition of inflow frequency components onto the dominant frequency of modal temporal coefficients. when this frequency component becomes dominant, the corresponding modal contour patterns exhibit marked discrepancies from those under steady inflow. These research results can provide a theoretical reference for the fluid-solid coupling analysis and anti-vibration design of deep-sea risers and offshore wind power piles in ocean engineering under oscillating flow.

关键词

正弦振荡来流 / 低雷诺数 / 圆柱绕流 / 模态分析 / 本征正交分解(POD)

Key words

sinusoidally oscillating inflow / low-Reynolds-number / circular cylinder flow / modal analysis / proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)

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基金资助

大连海事大学博联科研基金(3132023619)

交通行业重点实验室开放课题(KLwRTBMC21-02)

辽宁省科技计划联合计划(2025-MSLH-108)