Coastal cities such as Dalian, influenced by monsoon and oceanic humid climates, experience particularly severe mold growth on the inner surfaces of building walls, which can easily harm human health through pathways such as aerosols and metabolites of fungal spores. In this study, the WUFI-Plus and WUFI-Bio software were used to simulate and analyze the annual heat and moisture transfer process in building walls and its impact on mold growth contamination, under external insulation wall configurations for reinforced concrete, fired clay brick, and aerated concrete, respectively. Among these, the maximum annual mold growth diameter on externally insulated reinforced concrete walls reached 80 mm, indicating a relatively high risk of mold contamination. In addition, simulations were conducted to analyze the mold growth diameter on the inner surface of building walls in the Dalian area under four ventilation modes—daytime ventilation, nighttime ventilation, all-day ventilation, and no ventilation—across different seasons. Based on the evaluation results, it is proposed that an air change rate of 2 times per hour can effectively inhibit mold growth.
ZHANGRuixue, ZHANGJinhua. Durability and indoor environment regulation performance of plant fiber reinforced cement-based composite wall panels under the background of green building[J]. Foshan Ceramics, 2026,36(3):145-147.
PANNengting, HUANGQiang. Key points analysis and improvement strategies of indoor air quality control for healthy buildings[J]. Guangdong Building Materials, 2023,39(3):39-42.
[7]
HOLMEJ A, YA E, AFANOUA, et al. Characterization and pro-inflammatory potential of indoor mold particles[J]. Indoor Air, 2020,30(4):662-681.
LIBicheng, LIBaizhan, DUChenqiu, et al. Annual risk assessment of mold growth on indoor wall surfaces of typical residential buildings in high humidity areas[J]. Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning, 2021,51(9):58-66.
[10]
NESSS. We built this city on pollution and mold: How urbanization inadvertently promotes the development of asthma and allergic disease[J]. Health Science Inquiry, 2020,11(1):28-32.
[11]
MEDICINEI O. Damp indoor spaces and health[M]. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2004:30-32.
[12]
ORGANIZATIONW H. WHO guidelines for indoor air quality: dampness and mould[M]. Geneva: Who Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality Dampness & Mould. 2009:139-155.
WUZihua. Research on indoor noise level evaluation and standard adaptation of green residential buildings[J]. New Urban Construction Science and Technology, 2025,34(11):116-118.
[15]
El-MORSYE S M. Preliminary survey of indoor and outdoor airborne microfungi at coastal buildings in Egypt[J]. Aerobiologia, 2006,22(3):197-210.
[16]
SUH J, WUP C, CHENH L, et al. Exposure assessment of indoor allergens, endotoxin, and airborne fungi for homes in southern Taiwan[J]. Environmental Research, 2001,85(2):135-144.
CHENGuojie, WANGHanqing, CHENYouming, et al. Comparative study on indoor temperature and humidity threshold values of mold growth risk on hygroscopic walls[J]. Journal of University of South China (Natural Science Edition), 2019,33(2):1-7.
LAIQiujia, FENGChi. Review on prediction models of mold growth on building materials[J]. Building Science, 2022,38(6):206-215,282.
[21]
QIAOJ L, ZHANGX Y, LIY X, et al. Experimental and simulation investigation of mould growth risk on typical residential indoor materials: A comparative study[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2026,119:115381.
LIUBingyan, YangLÜ, CHENQian, et al. Study on mold pollution risk of inner wall surface of buildings in typical coastal cities based on measurement and simulation[J]. Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning, 2023,53(S1):390-395.
[24]
NIUZ P, CHENT Y, ZHANGL, et al. Exposure to outdoor humid-heat and indoor dampness-mold during infancy is associated with increased childhood asthma risk: A large-scale multi-city study in Chinese preschool children[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2025,118:106061.
[25]
JOHNSD, RICHMANR. Development and calibration of the cross-laminated timber roof assembly moisture and mould (CRAMM) risk assessment tool[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2025,116:114626.
ZHAOChunyan, WANGJing, XIEShuai, et al. Influencing factors of fungal mildew on water-based interior wall coatings and improvement of antibacterial performance[J]. China Coatings, 2024,40(8):46-50,61.
MENGYanyan, BIBo, QIAOYu, et al. Study on the influence of pH value of diatom mud on mold growth[J]. Building Materials & Decoration, 2017,(32):158-159.
WANGWei, JIANGJianzhong, WANGRong, et al. CFD simulation on condensation distribution law of wall surface in ventilation chamber[J]. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning (Sichuan), 2019,33(5):556-561.
[32]
曲琳琳.住宅室内空间适老化设计研究[J].居舍,2025,(18):17-19,33.
[33]
QULinlin. Research on age-appropriate design of residential indoor space[J]. Residence, 2025,(18):17-19,33.