砂引草对口腔溃疡的治疗作用及其机制
白丽嘎 , 玉华 , 杨立国 , 红艳 , 白巍巍 , 辛颖
山西医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (12) : 1375 -1384.
砂引草对口腔溃疡的治疗作用及其机制
Effect and mechanism of Tournefortia sibirica on mouth ulcer
目的 基于网络药理学和体内实验相结合的方法,探讨砂引草治疗口腔溃疡的作用机制。 方法 采用网络药理学对砂引草作用靶点进行筛选,构建靶点网络及蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络对砂引草治疗口腔溃疡潜在的作用靶点进行预测,通过京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析预测砂引草治疗口腔溃疡的主要通路。将大鼠分为正常组、模型组、阳性药物组及砂引草组。采用醋酸法建立大鼠口腔溃疡模型,然后局部给药干预并动态观察7 d。给药第7天,测量溃疡面积;采用ELISA法检测血清中炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-6、IL-2)、氧化应激指标(SOD、MDA、GSH、CAT)和生长因子相关指标(VEGF、EGF、MMP-2、MMP-9);观察口腔溃疡组织的病理情况;Western blot法检测溃疡组织中磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)、蛋白激酶B(Akt)、核因子-κB(NF-κB)的蛋白表达量。 结果 通过网络药理学预测,砂引草与口腔溃疡有392个共同靶点;KEGG富集分析结果显示,砂引草治疗口腔溃疡主要作用于代谢通路、癌症通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路等。在溃疡面积方面,给药后砂引草组和阳性药物组较模型组呈现更明显的修复效果。组织病理学分析显示,模型组大鼠口腔黏膜呈现上皮细胞水肿、炎性细胞浸润及结缔组织增生,而砂引草组和阳性药物组病变程度显著减轻,表现为胶原纤维排列有序、炎性细胞浸润减少。与模型组相比,砂引草组大鼠血清IL-6、TNF-α的含量明显下降(P<0.05),MDA的含量明显下降(P<0.05),VEGF、EGF、MMP-2及MMP-9含量明显下降(P<0.05),IL-2的水平显著增加(P<0.05),GSH、CAT及SOD的水平显著增加(P<0.05),溃疡组织中Akt、NF-κB及PI3K的表达显著下调(P<0.05)。 结论 砂引草能调节口腔溃疡的炎症因子水平,改善氧化应激状态,并抑制PI3K-Akt/NF-κB信号通路关键蛋白表达。砂引草可通过多通路协同作用抑制炎症反应、促进组织修复,为口腔溃疡的治疗提供新的潜在策略。
Objective To explore the mechanism of Tournefortia sibirica treating oral ulcers based on network pharmacology and in vivo experiments. Methods Network pharmacology was used to screen the targets of Tournefortia sibirica, and a target network and a protein-protein interaction(PPI) network were constructed to predict the potential targets of Tournefortia sibirica in treatment of oral ulcers. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis was used to predict the main pathways of Tournefortia sibirica in treating oral ulcers. Subsequently, a rat oral ulcer model was established using the acetic acid method. The rats were divided into normal group, model group, positive drug group, and Tournefortia sibirica group. The rats were given local administration intervention and dynamically monitored for 7 d. The ulcer area was measured at 7 d after administration, and serum levels of inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-6,IL-2), oxidative stress indicators(SOD,MDA,GSH,CAT), and growth factor-related indicators(VEGF,EGF,MMP-2,MMP-9) were detected by ELISA. The pathological condition of oral ulcer tissue was observed. The protein expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K), protein kinase B(Akt) and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) in ulcer tissues were detected by Western blot. Results According to network pharmacology prediction, there were 392 common targets between Tournefortia sibirica and oral ulcers. KEGG enrichment analysis results showed that Tournefortia sibirica played a therapeutic role in oral ulcers mainly by metabolic pathways, cancer pathways, PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, etc. In terms of ulcer area, the repair effect was better after administration in positive drug group and Tournefortia sibirica group than in model group. Histopathological analysis showed that the oral mucosa of rats in model group exhibited epithelial cell edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and connective tissue proliferation. The degree of pathological changes was significantly reduced in Tournefortia sibirica group and positive drug group, manifested as orderly arrangement of collagen fibers and reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells. Compared with model group, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, VEGF, EGF, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in the serum of rats were significantly decreased in Tournefortia sibirica group(P<0.05), while the levels of IL-2, GSH, CAT, and SOD were significantly increased(P<0.05); at the same time, the expressions of Akt, NF-κB, and PI3K in ulcer tissues were significantly down-regulated(P<0.05). Conclusion Tournefortia sibirica can exert a multi pathway synergistic effect in suppression of inflammatory response and promotion of tissue repair by regulating the levels of inflammatory factors, improving oxidative stress status, and inhibiting the expressions of key proteins in the PI3K-Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway, which can provide new potential strategies for the treatment of oral ulcers.
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一流学科科研专项项目“蒙药特色资源的综合利用与产品开发研究”(YLXKZX-NMD-002)
蒙药研发国家地方联合工程研究中心开放课题(MD2023046)
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