非法染色延胡索指标成分快速检测模型的构建及其对镇痛疗效的影响
王丽霞 , 席啸虎 , 赵志军
山西医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (12) : 1407 -1415.
非法染色延胡索指标成分快速检测模型的构建及其对镇痛疗效的影响
Construction of a rapid detection model for components in illegally dyed Rhizoma Corydalis and its effect on analgesic efficacy
目的 应用近红外光谱技术建立非法染色延胡索的定性鉴别模型及多种成分的定量快速检测模型,并分析不同浸染程度导致指标成分改变后其镇痛活性的变化。 方法 制备不同程度金胺O染色的延胡索样品。采用HPLC法同时测定延胡索中盐酸小檗碱、盐酸巴马汀、延胡索乙素成分的含量,并以其测定值作为建模参比,以积分球漫反射模式采集所有样品的近红外光谱,采用相似性判别分析建立定性模型,采用偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立成分定量模型。从小鼠醋酸扭体反应、小鼠热板法镇痛和缩宫素诱发大鼠痛经模型方面考察不同浸染程度的延胡索的镇痛活性。 结果 通过多元散射校正(MSC)标准化处理,在4 500~8 500 cm-1能够较好地区分染色和未染色的延胡索,内部验证的准确率达100%,外部验证准确率达到100%。延胡索乙素定量模型选取4 000~6 000 cm-1和7 000~8 000 cm-1波段图谱,经MSC处理,模型R2、交叉验证均方根误差(RMSECV)、预测均方根误差(RMSEP)依次为0.984 4,0.341 2,0.355 6;盐酸小檗碱定量模型选取4 000~5 500 cm-1和7 000~8 000 cm-1波段图谱,经标准正态变量校正(SNV)处理,模型R2、RMSECV、RMSEP依次为0.973 5,0.513 7,0.548 5;盐酸巴马汀定量模型选取5 000~6 000 cm-1和7 000~8 000 cm-1波段图谱,经MSC处理,模型R2、RMSECV、RMSEP依次为0.961 1,0.321 1,0.336 5。延胡索经金胺O乙醇溶液浸染时间达到5 min或者金胺O浓度超过2%时,延胡索对小鼠的镇痛效果显著降低;延胡索经金胺O乙醇溶液浸染时间达到10 min或者金胺O浓度超过2%时,延胡索对大鼠的镇痛效果显著降低。 结论 近红外光谱技术可100%鉴别非法染色延胡索,并实现盐酸小檗碱、盐酸巴马汀、延胡索乙素的快速定量检测;金胺O浸染≥5 min或浓度≥2%时,延胡索镇痛活性显著下降,故应禁用该染料对延胡索进行染色。
Objective To establish qualitative identification models for illegally dyed Rhizoma Corydalis and rapid quantitative detection models for multiple components by means of near-infrared spectroscopy, and analyze the changes in analgesic activity of Rhizoma Corydalis caused by altered index components under different dyeing degrees. Methods Samples of Rhizoma Corydalis stained with different degrees of Auramine O were prepared. HPLC was used to simultaneously determine the contents of berberine hydrochloride, palmatine hydrochloride, and tetrahydropalmatine in Rhizoma Corydalis, and their measured values were used as modeling reference. The near-infrared spectra of all samples were collected using an integrating sphere diffuse reflectance mode. Similarity discriminant analysis was used to establish a qualitative model, and partial least squares(PLS) was used to establish a quantitative model for the components. The analgesic activity of Rhizoma Corydalis with different degrees of immersion was investigated from three aspects: acetic acid writhing reaction in mice, hot plate analgesia in mice, and oxytocin-induced dysmenorrhea rat model. Results After MSC standardization, stained and unstained Rhizoma Corydalis were well distinguished in the range of 4 500-8 500 cm-1, with an internal validation accuracy of 100% and an external validation accuracy of 100%. The quantitative model of tetrahydropalmatine was selected in the spectral bands of 4 000-6 000 cm-1 and 7 000-8 000 cm-1; after MSC processing, the R2, RMSECV, and RMSEP of the models were 0.984 4, 0.341 2, and 0.355 6, respectively. The quantitative model of berberine hydrochloride was selected in the bands of 4 000-5 500 cm-1 and 7 000-8 000 cm-1; after SNV treatment, the R2, RMSECV, and RMSEP of the models were 0.973 5, 0.513 7, and 0.548 5, respectively. The quantitative model of palmatine hydrochloride was selected with spectral bands of 5 000-6 000 cm-1 and 7 000-8 000 cm-1; after MSC treatment, the R2, RMSECV, and RMSEP of the models were 0.961 1, 0.321 1, and 0.336 5, respectively. When the soaking time of Rhizoma Corydalis with Auramine O ethanol solution reached 5 min or the concentration of Auramine O exceeded 2%, the analgesic effect of Rhizoma Corydalis on mice was significantly reduced. When the soaking time of Rhizoma Corydalis with auramine O ethanol solution reached 10 min or the concentration of auramine O exceeded 2%, the analgesic effect of Rhizoma Corydalis on rats was significantly reduced. Conclusion Near-infrared spectroscopy achieves complete discrimination of illegally dyed Rhizoma Corydalis, and rapid detection of berberine hydrochloride, palmatine hydrochloride, and tetrahydropalmatine. When Rhizoma Corydalis is dyed with Auramine O for 5 min or longer, or at a concentration of 2% or higher, its analgesic activity is significantly reduced, thus, the dye for Rhizoma Corydalis should be strictly prohibited.
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山西省中医药管理局科研项目(2024ZYYZ007)
山西省大健康产业高质量发展科研专项课题(DJKZXKT2023060)
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