西安丝路塔钢结构关键施工技术及施工力学分析
Key Construction Techniques and Mechanical Analysis of the Xi’an Silk Road Tower Steel Structure
西安丝路塔项目为全钢结构异形塔,高约140 m,塔身直径小,采用地面分块拼装、重型塔吊附着塔身的方式进行吊装。结合塔式起重机设计规定,本文首先提出了重型塔吊附着于超高柔性结构的安全性判定原则,经检验该原则具有可行性且便于操作;之后提出了一种用于超高位置大尺寸莫比乌斯环结构安装的装配式内支撑结构,该支撑结构具有较好的施工安全性和操作便捷性。开发了用于无人机扫描数据修正的ICP算法,该算法可用于百米高空位置的结构位形测量,修正后测量结果的扫描精度得到明显改善。当采用提升施工工艺且提升高度较大时,需分析被提升结构与周边结构的净距和不同风力等级下被提升结构的风致水平位移,并进行提升碰撞风险分析,进而采取选择风速较小的气象条件以避免大风出现或加大设计净距减少碰撞风险等措施,以确保提升施工安全。
The Xi’an Silk Road Tower is a special-shaped steel tower,which stands approximately 140 meters high. Given its small diameter,the tower was divided into several segments,which were assembled on the ground,and then lifted using a heavy-duty tower crane attached to the tower body. Based on the design codes and standards of the tower crane,safety assessment principles were proposed for the attachment of the heavy-duty tower crane to ultra-high slender structures,which was verified safe,feasible and easy to operate in practice. Additionally,a prefabricated inner support was designed for the installation of a large-scale Mobius ring. The designed inner support structure offered superior operating convenience and construction safety. Furthermore,an ICP algorithm for UAV scanning data correction was developed to measure the shape and position of the assembled structure at up to hundred meters high,and the scanning accuracy was significantly improved after correction. For the integral construction of steel structures,especially when the lifting height is significant,it is necessary to analyze the clear distance between the lifted structure and the surrounding structure,as well as the wind-induced horizontal displacement of the lifted structure under different wind levels. The lifting collision risk can be analyzed,and then measures can be adopted such as selecting the lifting period to avoid the occurrence of strong winds,or increasing the design clear distance to reduce the collision risk,so as to ensure the safety of the lifting construction.
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内支撑结构由内侧格构钢框架和连接杆组成,设计时需注意以下几个关键点:
为控制莫比乌斯环分块吊装过程中的变形,内支撑结构在环体平面内需具有足够的侧向刚度
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