团风射干栽培品质量相关研究
马淏辰 , 徐建中 , 李小军 , 刘合钢 , 汪文杰
中南民族大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (05) : 601 -607.
团风射干栽培品质量相关研究
Research on the quality of cultivated product of Tuanfeng Belamcanda chinensis
通过研究团风射干种植全过程的干物质积累、矿质营养元素吸收、根茎直径、颜色和主要活性成分积累变化规律,为射干配方施肥和建立更加科学的质量评价体系提供理论依据. 以同一大田分别种植的二、三、四年生团风射干为研究对象,结果表明:在整个采样期,射干的干物质积累量随着生长年限的增长而增加. 根茎中,三年生5月野鸢尾黄素含量最高,次野鸢尾黄素三年生5月和四年生7月的含量高于其他阶段,四年生5月六种黄酮类成分总量达到整个采样期的峰值. 射干根茎在4—9月稳步增粗,根茎颜色和4种黄酮类成分含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01). 研究探明了不同年限射干在不同时期的干物质和养分积累规律,为后续射干不同阶段营养配方的制定奠定了基础. 团风射干质量评价标准可增设根茎颜色等项目,代表黄色的色度值b应大于15.18,相同直径下色黄者佳. 单一用次野鸢尾黄素不足以评价射干的品质优劣,应在团风射干质量评价标准中增设另5种黄酮类成分作为限制指标,以确保道地药材团风射干的品质.
By studying the changes in dry matter accumulation, mineral nutrient uptake, rhizome diameter, color and accumulation of major active ingredients during the whole process of Tuanfeng Belamcanda chinensis planting, to provide theoretical basis for the formula fertilization of Belamcanda chinensis and the establishment of a more scientific quality evaluation system. Tuanfeng Belamcanda chinensis at the second, third, and fourth years were planted separately in the same field, and the dry matter accumulation of each organ, mineral element content, rhizome diameter, color and flavonoid content in rhizome were determined at different periods. The results showed that throughout the sampling period, the amount of dry matter accumulation in Belamcanda chinensis increases with the number of years of growth.In the rhizomes, the highest content of tectorigenin were found in May of the third year of life, and the levels of sub-wild iris flavonoids were higher in May of the third year of life and July of the fourth year of life than in the other stages of life, with the total amount of the six flavonoids reaching a peak in May of the fourth year of life for the entire sampling period. Irisflorentin in May for the third year and July for the fourth year, exceeded that in other stages, reaching the peak of the total flavonoid content in May for the fourth year. The diameter of the rhizomes steadily increased from April to September, and a significant positive correlation (P<0.01) was observed between the color of the rhizome and four flavonoid constituents. The dry matter and nutrient accumulation patterns in different periods of different ages of tectorigenin Belamcanda chinensis were explored, laying a foundation for the formulation of nutritional formulas for different stages of subsequent Belamcanda chinensis. The quality evaluation standard of Tuanfeng Belamcanda chinensis can add rhizome color and other items, which means that the chromaticity value b of yellow should be higher than 15.18. For the same diameter, the yellower the color, the better the quality. The singular use of irisflorentin is insufficient to assess the quality of Belamcanda chinensis rhizomes. Therefore, five additional flavonoid components should be included as limiting indicators in the quality evaluation criteria to ensure the quality of authentic medicinal Tuanfeng Belamcanda chinensis.
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