健康视角下城市绿色空间特征与体力活动关系研究进展^*

Research Progress in the Relationship Between Urban Green Space Characteristics and Physical Activity from a Health Perspective

摘要

快速城市化引发的居民健康问题日益凸显，通过提升体力活动水平增强国民体质已成为国家的重要健康战略。为明确影响体力活动行为的绿色空间特征以及绿色空间健康效应的具体传导路径，进而为健康行为导向的绿地优化和“体绿融合”健康城市建设提供理论支撑和参考依据，文章借助Web of Science和CNKI数据库，通过查阅整理绿色空间在相关领域的研究内容，系统探讨不同影响路径下的绿色空间健康效应。结果发现，当前研究存在影响体力活动的绿色空间特征以及体力活动视角下的绿色空间健康效应路径不明晰等问题。在此基础上，首先将影响体力活动的绿色空间特征归纳为健康暴露、环境调节、居民感知3条路径；其次，提出“绿色空间特征识别-绿体机制多路径探寻-体力活动健康中介路径-人群健康效应”的研究框架；最后，针对未来发展提出2个关键研究方向: 1) 构建多维协同的健康暴露体力活动促进评估体系；2) 深化主观感知与环境调节和绿色暴露的交互机制对体力活动的促进研究。

Abstract

Urban residents suffer increasing health issues due to rapid urbanization, which makes enhancement of physical activity for improved national fitness a critical national health strategy. To identify the green space characteristics that exert influence on physical activity and the specific pathways to achieve better health effects of green spaces, this study retrieves and reviews literature on green spaces across relevant domains from the Web of Science and CNKI databases to examine the effects of green spaces on health under different influence pathways, aiming to provide theoretical support and references for health-oriented green space optimization and health city development integrating physical activities and green spaces. The findings reveal that current research faces critical gaps in understanding green space characteristics affecting physical activity and the translation from green spaces to health effects from the physical activity perspective. Based on this analysis, we conclude that green space characteristics influencing physical activity can be grouped into three mechanisms, i.e., health exposure, environmental regulation, and resident perception, and accordingly propose a research framework of “green space characteristic identification→multi-pathway exploration for green space+physical activity interactive mechanism→mediating pathway from physical activity to achieve health→effect of population health”. Two key research directions are identified for future development: 1) Constructing a synergistic multi-dimensional assessment system for health exposure-driven physical activity promotion; and 2) Deepening investigations into the promoting roles of interactive mechanisms among subjective perception, environmental regulation and green space exposure on physical activity.

关键词

绿色空间 / 体力活动 / 公众健康 / 影响路径

Key words

green space / physical activity / public health / influence pathway

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基金资助

*国家自然科学基金项目(52578075)

中央高校基本科研业务费(HUST: 2024JYCXJJ047)