城市存量更新中的野性再想象: 美国比肯长码头和费城53号码头工业遗存再生评述与思辨

Re-Imagining the Wilderness in Urban Renewal: Review and Reflections on the Regeneration of Beacon's Long Dock and Philadelphia's Pier 53 as Industrial Remnants

摘要

随着城市发展进入存量更新阶段， 一些处于城市边缘地带、 具备生态自发生长与工业遗存叠合特征的场所， 逐渐显露出以 “野性” 为核心特征的空间潜力， 但也面临价值模糊、 路径失衡等问题。 为回应此挑战， 文章提出以 “野性再想象” 作为一种融合生态过程与文化表达的场所重塑路径， 选取美国东北部两个滨水工业遗存更新项目， 对比分析其野性表达与空间策略， 总结出两类典型实践模式， 并辨析各自面临的现实挑战。 结果发现， 当前城市更新中对野性的利用往往存在生态主张与文化表达的错位问题， 其根本成因在于缺乏多维度认知框架与制度支撑机制。 因此，“野性再想象” 不应局限于局部空间美学营造， 而应成为城市边缘区生态修复、 文化传承与社会共建的复合治理手段； 应构建生态、 文化、 功能与资本等多维协同的思考框架， 拓展现有城市更新范式， 推动各维度之间的有机融合； 应构建适用本土的 “城市—郊野—荒野” 渐进式策略， 服务于中国特色的城市存量更新实践。

Abstract

As urban development steps into a phase of stock renewal, urban fringe areas, where spontaneous ecological growth overlaps industrial remnants, embark on present spatial potentials characterized by wilderness. However, efforts to regenerate these wild spaces are often challenged by value ambiguity and imbalanced recognition pathways. To address these challenges, this paper proposes “re-imagining wilderness” as a pathway to reshaping places that integrate ecological processes with cultural expression. It selects two renewal projects of waterfront industrial remnants in the northeastern United States of America, compares and analyzes their wild expression and spatial strategies, concludes two typically practical models, and identifies the challenges they are confronted with. The findings suggest that the current use of wilderness in urban renewals frequently presents a misalignment between ecological advocacy and cultural expression, rooted in the absence of a multi-dimensional understanding framework and supportive institutional mechanisms. Therefore, “re-imagining wilderness” should not be confined to localized aesthetic interventions, but rather positioned as an integrated governance paradigm for ecological restoration, cultural inheritance, and community-based urban transformation in urban fringe areas. A conceptual framework for multi-dimensional coordination of eco-environment, culture, functions and capitals should be constructed to expand prevailing urban renewal paradigms and foster organic integration among multi-dimensions. A locally adapted and incremental “urban-suburban-wilderness” strategy should be developed to contribute to urban stock renewals with China characteristics.

关键词

存量更新与再生 / 野性 / 城市边缘区 / 工业遗存 / 滨水码头

Key words

stock renewal and regeneration / wilderness / urban fringe / industrial remnant / waterfront pier

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基金资助

*国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52508050)