树冠空间促进老年人获得社会支持的影响因素与内在机制

Influencing Factors and Underlying Mechanisms of Tree Canopy in Facilitating Social Support for the Elderly

摘要

社区树冠空间具有巨大的社会服务价值潜力，系统审视树冠空间对老年人社会支持的影响，可为老旧社区适老化更新提供理论参照与实践指引。文章采用结构化综述梳理 (2012—2026年) 的相关文献，识别既有研究的3点不足: 树冠空间与老年人社会支持的经验关联虽被初步感知，却缺乏整合性的理论分析框架；影响老年人使用树冠空间的关键因素与主观评价维度尚未得到系统识别；树冠空间促进社会支持的内在机制仍处于“黑箱”状态，因果路径尚待厘清。在此基础上，从使用需求角度界定了树冠空间的内涵，依托“可供性”与“人－环境适配”理论，构建了“树冠空间－老年人－社会支持”的整合性分析框架；提炼出影响老年人使用树冠空间的主要因素及其品质评价维度，并阐释了从空间感知到社会支持获得的内在机制。未来老旧社区更新，理论上需加强跨学科交叉融合，探索树冠窗景品质优化对老年人非接触式社会支持的保障、提升路径；实践上需从认知、技术、治理3个层面推动转型，系统性提升树冠空间价值，让树冠空间真正成为老年人平等、可及的健康福祉。

Abstract

Tree canopy in communities has great potential in social service value. A systematic review of the impact of tree canopy on the social support for the elderly can provide a theoretical and practical basis for the elderly-oriented renewal of old communities. A structured literature review is used to identify three gaps in existing research, including the lack of an integrated theoretical analysis framework although the empirical linkages between tree canopy and social support for the elderly are initially perceived, the failure to systematically identify the key factors and subjective evaluation dimensions affecting the use of tree canopy by the elderly, and the need to clarify the causal path to address the “black box” state of the internal mechanism through which tree canopy facilitates the social support. In view of the gaps, the paper defines the connotation of tree canopy space from the perspective of the use demand, and constructs an integrated analysis framework of “tree canopy space-the elderly-social support” based on the theory of “affordance” and “human-environment adaptation”. The main factors affecting the use of tree canopy by the elderly and its quality evaluation dimensions are concluded, and the internal mechanism chain from spatial perception to social support is also explained. Theoretically, the future renewal of old communities needs to enhance interdisciplinary integration and explore the pathways to ensuring and improving non-contact social support for the elderly through the quality optimization of tree canopy views from windows. Practically, the renewal transformation should be promoted at three levels of cognition, technology and governance, to systematically improve the spatial value of tree canopy, enabling them to truly make tree canopy space an equal and accessible resources for the health and well-being of the elderly.

关键词

树冠空间 / 老年人 / 社会支持 / 影响因素 / 内在机制

Key words

tree canopy / the elderly / social support / influencing factor / underlying mechanism

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基金资助

*国家自然科学基金面上项目(52478041)

教育部基础学科和交叉学科突破计划(JYB2025XDXM901)