河南香菇越夏高温气候特征及其与菌棒坏袋率的关系分析

Analysis of high temperature characteristics and its relationship with the bag damage rate of shiitake during the oversummer period in Henan

摘要

气候变暖背景下，高温胁迫已成为影响河南香菇产业发展的制约因素，研究香菇越夏高温气候特征及其与香菇菌棒坏袋率的关系，可为香菇生产应对气候变化提供技术支撑。基于1991-2022年河南省伏牛山区6个香菇主产地区的气象数据，选取30、33、35、40 ℃等4个高温界限温度，分析河南香菇主产区的高温变化特征，并结合2022年香菇高温灾害资料，研究香菇越夏期(6-8月)不同高温界限温度下气象因子与菌棒坏袋率的关系，明确香菇遭受高温灾害的主要温度界限指标及气象因子。结果表明，1991-2021年河南香菇越夏期高温热量资源呈显著增加趋势，西峡地区增温尤为明显；越夏期内，7月份33 ℃以上的日高温最大时长与菌棒坏袋率呈显著正相关，尤其是35 ℃界限温度下的日高温最大时长与菌棒坏袋率的正相关系数最大。未来应重点关注最高温度在33 ℃以上的天气，当气温在35 ℃以上时，应及时采取措施积极防御香菇高温灾害。

Abstract

Under the background of global warming, high temperature stress has become a restricting factor affecting the development of Lentinula edodes industry in Henan. Therefore, the high temperature characteristics and its relationship with the bag damage rate of shiitake during the oversummer period were studied, which can provide technical support for Lentinula edodes production to cope with climate change. In the study, based on the meteorological data of six main production areas of Lentinula edodes in Funiu Mountain area of Henan province from 1991 to 2022, high temperature conditions at four critical temperatures of 30, 33, 35 and 40 ℃ were selected to analyze the change characteristics of high temperature in the main Lentinula edodes production areas of Henan. Combined with the high-temperature disaster data of Lentinula edodes in 2022, the relationships between meteorological factors at different critical temperatures and the damage rate of shiitake during the oversummer period were analyzed, and the main temperature boundary and meteorological factors of Lentinula edodes suffering from high temperature disaster were defined. The results showed that from 1991 to 2021, the high-temperature heat resources in the main Lentinula edodes producing areas showed a significant increase trend during the oversummer period in Henan, with the warming in Xixia being particularly evident. During the oversummer period, the daily maximum duration of high temperature above 33 °C in July, showed the significant positive correlations with the damage rate of shiitake, and the maximum positive correlation coefficient was found at the critical temperature of 35 °C. In the future, we should focus on the weather when the daily maximum temperature is above 33 °C, and when the maximum temperature is above 35 °C, timely measures should be taken to actively prevent the high temperature disaster of Lentinula edodes.

关键词

香菇 / 高温 / 气象因子 / 菌棒坏袋率

Key words

Lentinula edodes / High temperature / Meteorological factors / Damage rate of shiitake

参考文献

[1] 张金霞, 陈强, 黄晨阳, 等. 食用菌产业发展历史、现状与趋势[J]. 菌物学报, 2015, 34(4): 524-540.

[2] 靳荣线, 李峰, 邹明, 等. 基于主成分分析法的不同等级香菇品质评价[J]. 中国瓜菜, 2022, 35(8): 50-56.

[3] 中国食用菌协会. 2022年度全国食用菌统计调查结果分析[J]. 中国食用菌, 2024, 43(1): 118-126.

[4] 孔维丽, 康源春, 袁瑞奇, 等. 河南省高温香菇栽培的四种出菇模式[J]. 中国食用菌, 2016, 35(2): 79-82.

[5] 周建方. 三门峡市香菇不同栽培模式效益趋于一致[J]. 食用菌, 2015(1): 34.

[6] 崔国梅, 路风银, 王安建, 等. 香菇生长条件及新型栽培基质研究进展[J]. 中国瓜菜, 2023, 36(1): 6-12.

[7] 王贺祥, 刘庆洪. 食用菌栽培学[M]. 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 2014.

[8] 王金成, 黄敬芝, 梁爽, 等. 香菇菌棒烧菌烂棒的原因分析及预防措施[J]. 北京农业, 2011(9): 89-90.

[9] LU Y, HU H C, LI C, et al. Increasing compound events of extreme hot and dry days during growing seasons of wheat and maize in China[J]. Scientific Reports, 2018, 8(1): 16700.

[10] ZHANG M, DU S Q, WU Y J, et al. Spatiotemporal changes in frequency and intensity of high-temperature events in China during 1961-2014[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2017, 27(9): 1027-1043.

[11] 赵霆, 张国民, 莫丽萍, 等. 香菇越夏烂袋原因调查分析[J]. 食用菌, 2015, 37(3): 27-28.

[12] 莫丽萍, 武婉丽, 张国民, 等. 气象灾害对香菇生产的影响及防范[J]. 食用菌, 2015(4): 36-37.

[13] ZHANG R, HU D, ZHANG Y G, et al. Anoxia and anaerobic respiration are involved in "spawn-burning" syndrome for edible mushroom Pleurotus eryngii grown at high temperatures[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2016, 199: 75-80.

[14] 王红, 刘岩岩, 李红, 等. 菌包后熟期高温胁迫对黑木耳生理特性及生长发育的影响[J]. 食用菌学报, 2022, 29(5): 33-42.

[15] 常婷婷, 赵妍, 杨焕玲, 等. 食药用菌高温胁迫应答研究进展[J]. 食用菌学报, 2021, 28(1): 124-134.

[16] 马银鹏, 孔祥辉, 韩增华, 等. 高温胁迫对黑木耳菌丝保护酶活性的影响[J]. 食用菌, 2020, 42(5): 9-11.

[17] 蔡为明, 冯伟林, 金群力, 等. 香菇热害烂筒调查及菌丝抗高温比较试验[J]. 食用菌学报, 2005, 12(1): 31-36.

[18] 赵妍, 李治平, 任畇霏, 等. 高温胁迫对香菇菌丝体脂肪酸的影响[J]. 分子植物育种, 2023, 21(7): 2373-2377.

[19] WANG C Z, ZHENG J Y, LIN W, et al. Unprecedented heatwave in Western North America during late June of 2021:Roles of atmospheric circulation and global warming[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2023, 40(1): 14-28.

[20] 林纾, 李红英, 黄鹏程, 等. 2022年夏季我国高温干旱特征及其环流形势分析[J]. 干旱气象, 2022, 40(5): 748-763.

[21] 杜雪婷. 我国长江流域近年凉夏和热夏的大气异常[D]. 南京: 南京信息工程大学, 2018.

[22] 曹现涛, 边银丙, 肖新军, 等. 高温胁迫对香菇菌丝生长及其抗哈茨木霉能力的影响[J]. 食用菌学报, 2015, 22(4): 81-85.

[23] YAN Z Y, WU X L, ZHAO M R, et al. Lactic acid accumulation under heat stress related to accelerated glycolysis and mitochondrial dysfunction inhibits the mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2020, 104: 6767-6777.

[24] 边银丙. 食用菌栽培学[M].3版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2017.

[25] MOLLER I M, JENSEN P E, HANSSON A. Oxidative modifications to cellular components in plants[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2007, 58: 459-481.

[26] FERREIRA A S, TÓTOLA M, BORGES A C. Physiological implications of trehalose in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus sp. under thermal stress[J]. Journal of Thermal Biology, 2007, 32(1): 34-41.

[27] 杨胜全, 朱彬, 周建方. 三门峡市香菇生产历史回顾及前景展望[J]. 农业科技通讯, 2018(9): 36-37.

[28] 李红梅. 科学搭建遮阳棚确保香菇安全越夏[J]. 食用菌, 2016, 38(4): 61-62.

[29] 王军英, 赵江拓, 张建年, 等. 提升香菇菌袋质量的措施[J]. 中国食用菌, 2011, 30(6): 60-61.

基金资助

河南省现代农业产业技术体系(HARS-22-08-S)

河南省现代农业产业技术体系(HARS-22-08-G1)

中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室应用技术研究基金(KQ202422)