豫南地区菱斑食植瓢虫室内外种群抗寒性研究

Study on the cold resistance of indoor and natural population of Epilachna insignis in southern Henan province

摘要

为明确豫南地区菱斑食植瓢虫(Epilachna insignis)的抗寒能力与低温驯化反应，利用过冷却点测定仪测定其过冷却点和结冰点，并分析其频次分布。结果表明，菱斑食植瓢虫卵的过冷却点(-23.69 ℃)和结冰点(-21.31 ℃)最低；4 龄幼虫的过冷却点(-6.77 ℃)和结冰点(-3.93 ℃)最高；菱斑食植瓢虫雌雄成虫过冷却点和结冰点差异显著，雄成虫过冷却点(-19.61 ℃)和结冰点(-17.67 ℃)均显著低于雌成虫过冷却点(-14.23 ℃)和结冰点(-11.49 ℃)，且室内种群雌雄成虫过冷却点和结冰点均与自然种群无显著差异。同一虫龄、虫态不同个体间过冷却点与结冰点的变化均符合正态分布。抗寒驯化处理结果表明，随处理温度的降低，雌成虫的死亡率逐渐升高，各冷藏驯化处理过冷却点差异均不显著，以 8 ℃冷藏驯化结冰点最低(-13.99 ℃)。

Abstract

In order to clarify the cold-resistance and low-temperature acclimation of Epilachna insignis in southern Henan province, the supercooling point and freezing point were determined by using the supercooling point meter, and the frequency distribution of the supercooling point was analyzed. The results showed that the supercooling point (-23.69 ℃) and freezing point (-21.31 ℃) of eggs were the lowest. The supercooling point (-6.77 ℃) and freezing point (-3.93 ℃) of the 4th instar larva were the highest, and there were significant differences in the supercooling point and freezing point between male and female adults of E. insignis. The supercooling point (-19.61 ℃) and freezing point (-17.67 ℃) of male adults were significantly lower than those of female adults (-14.23 ℃) and (-11.49 ℃), and the supercooling and freezing points of male and female adults in the indoor population were not significantly different from those in the natural population. The changes in supercooling point and freezing point of different individuals of the same instar and different stages were in accordance with normal distribution. The results of cold acclimation showed that the mortality of female adults increased gradually with the decrease of the treatment temperature. There was no significant difference in the supercooling point among the treatments, and the lowest freezing point (-13.99 ℃) was at 8 ℃.

关键词

菱斑食植瓢虫 / 过冷却点 / 结冰点 / 抗寒性

Key words

Epilachna insignis / Supercooling point / Freezing point / Cold resistance

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基金资助

河南省重大专项创新示范专项(201111310900)

河南省卓越农林人才教育基地建设项目