凹凸棒石盐碱阻隔材料不同铺设量对景电灌区萝卜生长及产量和品质的影响

Effects of different laying amounts of aubergine saline barrier material on the growth, yield and quality of radish in Jingdian irrigation area

摘要

为有效解决景电灌区土壤盐碱化和次生盐碱化问题，采用盐碱地原位工程化根治技术，在景电灌区大田条件下，以萝卜为试材，不铺设凹凸棒石盐碱阻隔材料为对照(CK)，研究凹凸棒石盐碱阻隔材料不同铺设量(3.5、3.0、2.5、2.0、1.5、1.0 t·667 m^-2)对萝卜植株生长及产量和品质的影响。结果表明，在不同凹凸棒石盐碱阻隔材料铺设量处理下，3.0 t·667 m^-2处理的土壤pH和全盐含量最低，脱盐率最高，达到了38.80%，萝卜的出苗率也最高，为95.24%，各生育期萝卜的叶长、叶宽和叶片SPAD值均高于其他处理，叶片净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率及植株地上部和地下部鲜质量、干质量均高于其他处理，且显著高于对照。在各处理中，3.0 t·667 m^-2处理萝卜可溶性固性物含量和产量均最高，分别为1.23%和3 306.42 kg·667 m^-2，且均显著高于对照。综上，景电灌区盐碱地上铺设3.0 t·667 m^-2凹凸棒石盐碱阻隔材料，可实现萝卜优质高产的目标。

Abstract

To effectively improve the soil salinization and secondary salinization problems in Jingdian irrigation area, the in-situ engineering remediation technology of saline alkali land was adopted. Radish was used as the test material to study the effects of different laying amounts (3.5, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0, 1.5, 1.0 t·667 m^-2) of aubergine saline barrier material on the plant growth, yield and quality of radish in the field conditions of Jingdian irrigation area, with the non aubergine salt and alkali barrier material as the control (CK). The results showed that under different level of aubergine saline barrier material application, the 3.0 t·667 m^-2 treatment had the lowest soil pH and total salt content, and the highest desalination rate of 38.80%. It also had the highest radish emergence rate of 95.24%. The leaf length, leaf width and leaf SPAD of radish in each fertility period were higher than other treatments. The leaf net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance transpiration rate, fresh and dry mass of aboveground and underground were all higher than other treatments and significantly higher than CK. Among all the treatments, the 3.0 t·667 m^-2 treatment had the highest soluble solids content and yield, which was 1.23% and 3 306.42 kg·667 m^-2, respectively, and were significantly higher than the control CK. In summary, the goal of high quality and high yield of radish can be realized by laying 3.0 t·667 m^-2 of aubergine saline barrier material on saline land in Jingdian irrigation area.

关键词

萝卜 / 盐碱地 / 原位工程化根治技术 / 生长 / 产量 / 品质

Key words

Radish / Saline land / In-situ engineering radical resection technology / Growth / Yield / Quality

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基金资助

甘肃省水利重点科研计划项目(甘水科外发〔2018〕70号)

甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(20JR5RA067)

甘肃省陇原青年创新创业人才(个人)项目(2021LQGR09)

甘肃省青年科技基金项目(23JRRD0001)

甘肃省技术创新引导计划项目(20CX9NA019)