西瓜炭疽病的苗期抗性鉴定

Evaluation of watermelon for resistance to anthracnose at seedling stage

摘要

西瓜炭疽病对产业稳定发展构成严重威胁，是西瓜种植中急待解决的关键病害。为了鉴定西瓜炭疽病病原菌 Colletotrichum orbiculare对不同西瓜种质资源的抗性，通过分离纯化自江苏盐城的西瓜病瓜中的病原菌，利用多种培养基进行产孢培养，筛选出最优产孢培养基为燕麦培养基。通过点滴法和喷雾法接种不同浓度的孢子悬浮液，确定了喷雾法及1×10⁵个·mL^-1为最佳的接种方法和浓度。最后，对18份不同来源的西瓜种质资源进行苗期接种鉴定，筛选出高抗资源1份，抗病资源5份。研究结果在西瓜抗病育种中具有潜在的应用价值。

Abstract

Watermelon anthracnose poses a critical challenge to the stable development of the watermelon industry, and is a key disease that urgently needs to be addressed. The aims of this study is to identify the resistance of different watermelon varieties to the watermelon anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum orbiculare. By isolating and purifying the pathogen from diseased watermelon fruits in Yancheng, Jiangsu, and using various culture media for sporulation, the optimal sporulation medium was determined to be oat medium. Through inoculation with different concentrations of spore suspensions using both the drop method and spray method, the spray method with a concentration of 1×10⁵ spores · mL^-1 was determined as the best inoculation method and concentration. Finally, 18 watermelon germplasm resources from different sources were inoculated at the seedling stage, and 1 highly resistant resource and 5 resistant resources were screened out. The research results have potential application value in watermelon disease-resistant breeding.

关键词

西瓜 / 炭疽病 / 抗性 / 苗期

Key words

Watermelon / Anthracnose / Resistance / Seedling stage

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金联合项目(U21A20229)

中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2022-ZFRI-09)