氯吡脲对不同基因型西瓜果肉质地的影响

Effects of forchlorfenuron on flesh texture of watermelon fruit in different genotypes

摘要

为研究氯吡脲(CPPU)辅助授粉对西瓜果肉质地的影响，以100 mg·L^-1的CPPU对4种基因型西瓜品种进行辅助授粉，对成熟西瓜果肉质地(硬度、脆度、胶着性、咀嚼性)及细胞壁多糖物质(粗纤维、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、原果胶、可溶性果胶)含量进行检测和相关性分析。结果表明，不同基因型间西瓜果肉质地有所不同，且CPPU处理对西瓜果肉质地的影响与品种基因型密切相关；果肉质地差异分析表明，与人工授粉相比，CPPU处理后硬度、脆度、胶着性和咀嚼性4个TPA指标均有所提高，酥脆基因型及黄枚的两个处理方式间差异显著，而硬脆基因型蜜枚的两个处理方式间差异不显著。细胞壁多糖物质分析表明，与人工授粉相比，CPPU处理显著增加了硬脆基因型的粗纤维与纤维素含量，而酥脆基因型的趋势与之相反。此外，与人工授粉相比，CPPU处理可以导致西瓜果肉原果胶含量显著降低而可溶性果胶含量显著增加。相关性分析结果表明，酥脆型西瓜果肉质地更易受到CPPU处理的影响。研究结果为CPPU在西瓜生产中的应用提供了参考。

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of forchlorfenuron (CPPU) assisted pollination on the texture of watermelon flesh. Four genotypes of watermelon variety were assisted pollinated with 100 mg·L^-1 of CPPU. The effects of CPPU-assisted pollination on flesh texture (hardness, fracturability, gelatinousness, chewability) and cell wall polysaccharide substance content (crude fibre, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protopectin, soluble pectin) were investigated through the application of correlation analysis. The results indicate that there are significant difference in the texture of watermelon flesh among different genotypes. Moreover, the effect of CPPU treatment on the texture of watermelon flesh is closely related to the genotype of the variety. The analysis of the difference in flesh texture revealed that the four TPA indicators of hardness, fracturability, stickiness and chewiness were all enhanced following CPPU treatment in comparison to that of artificial pollination. Moreover, the difference was statistically significant among the treatments for the crispy genotypes. However, no significant difference was observed among the treatments for the hard and crunchy genotypes. The analysis of cell wall polysaccharide substances demonstrated that the CPPU treatment resulted in an increase in the crude fibre and cellulose content of the crunchy genotypes, while the opposite trend was observed in the crispy genotypes. Additionally, the CPPU treatment resulted in a reduction in watermelon flesh protopectin content and an increase in soluble pectin content. Correlation analyses demonstrated that the texture of the watermelon flesh of the crisp genotypes was more susceptible to the effects of the CPPU treatment. The findings of this study provide reference for the potential application of CPPU in watermelon production.

关键词

西瓜 / 果肉质地 / 人工授粉 / CPPU

Key words

Watermelon / Flesh texture / Artificial pollination / CPPU

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基金资助

河南省科技攻关项目(242102110242)

中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-ZFRI)

国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-25-03)

河南省重大科技专项(221100110400)