2种厚皮甜瓜果实不同部位氨基酸组成分析

Analysis of amino acids composition in different fruit parts of two muskmelon varieties

摘要

为探究新疆厚皮甜瓜中氨基酸的组分及含量，深度挖掘新疆厚皮甜瓜的营养价值和利用潜力，以厚皮甜瓜YG和QLG的成熟果实为试材，采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)，对果肉与果皮中氨基酸的组成及含量进行分析。结果表明，2个甜瓜品种中共检测出37种氨基酸，其中18种为蛋白氨基酸；2个甜瓜品种的果皮中蛋白氨基酸总量显著高于果肉，果肉中的鲜味、甜味、酸味氨基酸含量显著高于果皮；谷氨酰胺为果皮中含量最高的蛋白氨基酸，丙氨酸为果肉中含量最高的蛋白氨基酸， γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)为2个甜瓜品种各部位中含量最高的非蛋白氨基酸；2个甜瓜品种果实不同部位两两比较结果显示，各对比组间存在9种共有的差异氨基酸。研究结果为甜瓜果实中氨基酸及酯类芳香物质的研究提供参考，也为新疆厚皮甜瓜果实的综合开发提供材料和依据。

Abstract

In order to explore the composition and content of amino acids in muskmelon in Xinjiang, and deeply explore the nutritional value and utilization potential of muskmelon in Xinjiang, the mature fruits of YG and QLG were used as materials, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to analyze the composition and content of amino acids in flesh and peel. The results showed that a total of 37 amino acids were detected in two melon varieties, of which 18 were protein amino acids. The total amino acids content of protein in the peel of two melon varieties were significantly higher than those in the flesh, while the content of flavor, sweet and sour amino acids in the flesh were significantly higher than those in the peel. Glutamine is the protein amino acid with the highest content in peel, alanine is the protein amino acid with the highest content in flesh, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the non-protein amino acid with the highest content in all parts of the two varieties. The results of pairwise comparison of different parts of the two melon varieties showed that there were 9 common different amino acids among the comparison groups. The research results provide reference for the study of amino acids and ester aromatic substances in muskmelon fruits, and also provide materials and basis for the comprehensive development of muskmelon fruits in Xinjiang.

关键词

厚皮甜瓜 / 氨基酸 / 果实 / 气相色谱-质谱联用技术

Key words

Muskmelon / Amino acids / Fruit / Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

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基金资助

塔里木大学校长基金(博士)人才项目(TDZKBS202106)

2023人才发展基金“天池英才”引进计划青年博士项目(兵财行﹝2023﹞80号)