不同茄子对瓜蓟马的抗性研究

Research on the resistance of different eggplant germplasm resources to Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

摘要

为筛选出对瓜蓟马具有抗性的茄子材料，并探究抗感材料间部分代谢产物的差异，以101份茄子材料为试验材料，采用叶片为害指数法与盆栽虫口密度法进行筛选，并测定了抗虫与感虫材料叶片中可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、类黄酮和总酚含量。结果表明，泽农A7(556007)、37号紫红(501011)、阳兴十一(327031)、烧烤短棒(403026)、早糯茄1号(003022)为抗瓜蓟马材料，虫情指数分别为40.21%、38.36%、39.47%、42.89%、40.01%。测定发现，感虫材料叶片中类黄酮和总酚的平均含量均显著高于抗虫材料，可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白的平均含量在抗、感材料间差异不显著。为害指数最低的材料泽农A7(556007)，其叶片中的类黄酮含量最低；为害指数最高的材料紫艳(626001)，其叶片中的类黄酮和总酚含量均较高。综上，筛选出了5份抗瓜蓟马的茄子材料并揭示了叶片中的可溶性糖、类黄酮和总酚含量等的特点，这些研究可为抗蓟马茄子材料的进一步选育奠定理论基础。

Abstract

In order to identify eggplant varieties with resistance to melon thrips and compare the differences between resistant and susceptible varieties, 101 eggplant germplasm resources were evaluated using the leaf infestation index method and potting population density method in this experiment. The content of soluble sugar, free proline, soluble protein, flavonoids and total phenol in the leaves of both insect-resistant and insect-sensitive varieties were analyzed. The results indicated that the 556007, 501011, 327031, 403026, and 003022 varieties exhibited high resistance to melon thrips with pest indexes of 40.21%, 38.36%, 39.47%, 42.89% and 40.01%, respectively. Flavonoid and total phenol content in leaves of insect-sensitive varieties were significantly higher than those of insect-resistant varieties, while the differences in average content of soluble sugar, free proline, and soluble protein between insect-resistant and insect-sensitive varieties were not significant. The variety Zenong A7 (556007) with the lowest infestation index exhibited the lowest flavonoid content in its leaves, whereas the variety Ziyan (626001) with the highest infestation index demonstrated high levels of flavonoid and has elucidated the characteristics of soluble sugars, flavonoids, and total phenols in their leaves. These findings can provide a theoretical basis for further selection and breeding of thrips-resistant eggplant varieties.

关键词

茄子 / 瓜蓟马 / 抗虫性 / 代谢产物

Key words

Eggplant / Melon thrips / Insect resistance / Metabolites

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金委员会专项项目(M2342003)

广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310566031)