河南地区光伏温室冬季内环境的动态变化

Dynamic changes of photovoltaic greenhouse environment in winter in Henan province

摘要

为探究光伏温室冬季内环境的变化趋势和应用效果，以光伏温室、普通温室和露地栽培为研究对象，进行光照度、温度的动态变化研究和辣椒栽培试验。结果表明，3种方式的光、温整体变化趋势一致，随天气和时间的变化而变动。典型晴天时光伏温室内的光照度比普通温室低33.7%，光伏温室的温度比普通温室低35.8%。差距最大时典型阴雪天气时光伏温室光照度比普通温室低45.0%，光伏温室的温度比普通温室低27.5%。栽培试验表明，辣椒株高光伏温室辣椒高于普通温室17.83%，远高于露地。辣椒果实维生素C和可溶性固形物含量光伏温室分别比普通温室高4.10%和1.44%，但低于露地。3种栽培方式的单株产量比较接近，综合分析，667 m²光伏温室早春辣椒种植收益约为21 768元，比普通温室高8.77%(1756元)。另外光伏温室在降低环境污染和缓解碳中和压力方面也具有重要意义。

Abstract

To explore the changes and application effects of the indoor environment in photovoltaic greenhouses during winter, dynamic changes in winter light intensity and temperature were studied and pepper cultivation experiments were conducted using photovoltaic greenhouses, ordinary greenhouses, and open field culture as research objects. The results indicate that the overall trend of light and temperature changes in the three modes is consistent and varies with weather and time. On a typical sunny day, the light intensity of a photovoltaic greenhouse is 33.7% lower than that of a normal greenhouse, and the maximum temperature difference is 35.8% lower than that of a normal greenhouse. On typical rainy days, the maximum light intensity of photovoltaic greenhouse is 45.0% lower than that of ordinary greenhouse, and the maximum temperature of photovoltaic greenhouse is 27.5% lower than that of ordinary greenhouse. The plant height of capsicum in photovoltaic greenhouse was 17.83% higher than that in common greenhouse, and much higher than that in open field. The vitamin C content and soluble solid content of pepper in photovoltaic greenhouse were 4.10% and 1.44% higher than those in common greenhouse, and much lower than those in open field. There was no significant difference in yield per plant among the three cultivation methods. Based on comprehensive analysis, it can be concluded that the income from planting early spring chili peppers in a 667 m ² photovoltaic greenhouse is approximately 21 768 yuan, which is 8.77% (1756 yuan) higher than that in a regular greenhouse. In addition, it also has significant significance in reducing atmospheric pollution and alleviating carbon neutrality pressure.

关键词

辣椒 / 光伏温室 / 冬季 / 内环境

Key words

Pepper / Photovoltaic greenhouse / Winter / Internal environmen

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基金资助

河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划资助项目(2018GGJS270)

河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23B210008)