外源褪黑素对盐胁迫下萝卜幼苗生长的影响

Effects of exogenous melatonin on growth of radish seedlings under salt stress

摘要

土壤盐渍化严重制约萝卜高效生产，褪黑素(melatonin, MT)作为天然抗氧化剂，在响应植物非生物胁迫中发挥重要作用。以满堂红萝卜为试验材料，分别采用浓度为0、50、100、150、200 μmol·L^-1的MT进行喷施处理，筛选对萝卜生长最佳的MT浓度；采用基质盆栽，以200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl浇灌作为盐胁迫环境，以0 μmol·L^-1 MT (T1)和筛选出的最佳MT浓度(T2，150 μmol·L^-1)溶液喷施萝卜幼苗为处理组，非盐胁迫与未喷施MT作对照(CK)。结果表明，与CK相比，盐胁迫显著降低萝卜幼苗株高(定植后29 d除外)、茎粗、株幅、叶长、叶宽(定植后29 d除外)等指标，喷施150 μmol·L^-1 MT可提高定植25 d后的萝卜幼苗株高、茎粗、株幅、叶长、叶宽和叶绿素含量，增强SOD和CAT活性，降低MDA含量；其中定植后29 d, 喷施150 μmol·L^-1 MT和0 μmol·L^-1 MT相比，株高、茎粗、叶长、叶宽和叶绿素含量分别提高了26.79%、28.16%、16.81%、29.11%、7.72%，SOD和CAT活性分别显著提高了32.12%和40.76%，MDA含量显著降低了38.92%，表明喷施150 μmol·L^-1外源MT可有效缓解盐胁迫对萝卜幼苗的伤害，有效促进萝卜幼苗生长。

Abstract

Soil salinization seriously restricts the efficient production of radish. Melatonin (MT), as a natural antioxidant, plays an important role in responding to plant non-biological stress. Mantanghong radish was used as experimental material to be sprayed by MT with concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μmol·L^-1, respectively, to screen the best MT concentration for radish growth. Then, a matrix pot was used to irrigate radish with 200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl as salt stress environment, spray radish with 0 μmol·L^-1 MT (T1) and the optimal MT concentration (T2) solution as treatment group, and control group (CK) was used between non-salt stress and non-spray MT. The results showed that compared with CK, salt stress significantly decreased the plant height (except 29 d after planting), stem diameter, leaf length and leaf width (except 29 d after planting) of radish seedlings. Spraying 150 μmol·L^-1 MT could increase the plant height, stem diameter, plant width, leaf length, leaf width and chlorophyll content of radish seedlings on 25 days after implantation. The activity of SOD and CAT was increased, and the content of MDA was decreased. On 29 days after implantation, compared with 150 μmol·L^-1 MT and 0 μmol·L^-1 MT, plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width and chlorophyll content increased by 26.79%, 28.16%, 16.81%, 29.11% and 7.72%, respectively. SOD and CAT activities were significantly increased by 32.12% and 40.76%, respectively, and MDA content was significantly decreased by 38.92%, indicating that spraying 150 μmol·L^-1 exogenous MT could effectively alleviate the damage of salt stress on radish seedlings and promote the growth of radish seedlings.

关键词

萝卜 / 盐胁迫 / 褪黑素 / 幼苗生长

Key words

Radish / Salt stress / Melatonin / Seedling growth

参考文献

[1] 江杰, 王胜. 我国盐碱地成因及改良利用现状[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2020, 48(13): 85-87.

[2] 张振兴, 孙锦, 郭世荣, 等. 钙对盐胁迫下西瓜光合特性和果实品质的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2011, 38(10): 1929-1938.

[3] 李树华, 许兴, 惠红霞, 等. 不同小麦品种(系)对盐碱胁迫的生理及农艺性状反应[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2000, 20(4): 63-67.

[4] 魏亦农, 孔广超, 曹连莆, 等. 新小黑麦1号光合速率及叶绿素荧光特性的研究[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2002, 22(4): 91-93.

[5] 郭淑华, 牛彦杰, 翟衡, 等. 碱性盐胁迫对葡萄杂交砧木荧光特性、叶黄素循环与抗氰呼吸的影响[J]. 植物生理学报, 2017, 53(11): 2013-2021.

[6] 潘香逾, 李瑜婷, 刘立军, 等. 盐胁迫下14种绿肥植物种子萌发特性及耐盐性评价[J]. 草原与草坪, 2019, 39(3): 98-105.

[7] 石德成, 盛艳敏, 赵可夫, 等. 复杂盐碱条件对向日葵胁迫作用主导因素的实验确定[J]. 作物学报, 2002, 28(4): 461-467.

[8] 卢艳. 不同苹果砧穗组合耐盐性研究[D]. 陕西杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2011.

[9] 崔兴国. 盐碱胁迫对不同品种饲用小黑麦种子萌发的影响[J]. 现代农村科技, 2015(20): 54-55.

[10] 陈思奇, 蒋毓婷. 设施土壤次生盐渍化的成因、危害及治理措施[J]. 辽宁化工, 2018, 47(11): 1146-1148.

[11] 白龙强, 李衍素, 于贤昌, 等. 土壤含盐量对有机基质栽培番茄生长、光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2013(2): 41-45.

[12] 罗庆云, 於丙军, 刘友良. NaCl胁迫下Cl^-和Na⁺对大豆幼苗胁迫作用的比较[J]. 中国农业科学, 2003, 36(11): 1390-1394.

[13] XIE Y, YING J L, XU L, et al. Genome-wide sRNA and mRNA transcriptomic profiling insights into dynamic regulation of taproot thickening in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) [J]. BMC Plant Biology, 2020, 20(1): 373.

[14] GAMBA M, ASLLANAJ E, RAGUINDIN P F, et al. Nutritional and phytochemical characterization of radish (Raphanus sativus): A systematic review[J]. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 2021, 113: 205-218.

[15] 林庆斌, 廖升荣, 熊亚红, 等. 超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的研究和应用进展[J]. 化学世界, 2006, 47(6): 378-381.

[16] LERNER A B, CASE J D, TAKAHASHI Y, et al. Isolation of melatonin, the pineal gland factor that lightens melanocytes[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1958, 80(10): 2587.

[17] ARNAO M B, HERNANDEZ-RUIZ J. Melatonin: Plant growth regulator and/or biostimulator during stress[J]. Trends in Plant Science, 2014, 19(12): 789-797.

[18] LIANG D, NI Z Y, XIA H, et al. Exogenous melatonin promotes biomass accumulation and photosynthesis of kiwifruit seedlings under drought stress[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2019, 246: 34-43.

[19] ARNAO M B, HERNANDEZ-RUIZ J. Chemical stress by different agents affects the melatonin content of barley roots[J]. Journal of Pineal Research, 2009, 46(3): 295-299.

[20] 尹赜鹏, 王珍琪, 齐明芳, 等. 外施褪黑素对盐胁迫下番茄幼苗光合功能的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(2): 467-475.

[21] 姜海燕. 外源褪黑素调控萝卜耐盐性研究[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2017.

[22] 张飞. 褪黑素缓解萝卜幼苗镉胁迫的分子机理[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2017.

[23] 刘永军, 郭守华, 杨晓玲. 植物生理生化实验[M]. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 2002.

[24] JAVADI T, ROHOLLAHI D, GHADERI N, et al. Mitigating the adverse effects of drought stress on the morpho-physiological traits and anti-oxidative enzyme activities of Prunus avium through β-amino butyric acid drenching[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2017, 218: 156-163.

[25] 徐玉伟, 郭世荣, 程玉静, 等. Ca (NO₃)₂对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长及膜质过氧化的影响[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2010(4): 14-18.

[26] 夏铭, 李经纬, 罗章瑞, 等. 外源褪黑素影响萝卜生长及对链格孢菌抗性的机理研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(3): 548-560.

[27] 邹京南, 于奇, 金喜军, 等. 外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下大豆鼓粒期生理和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(5): 745-758.

[28] 邹京南, 曹亮, 王梦雪, 等. 外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下大豆结荚期光合及生理的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(9): 2709-2718.

[29] CUI G B, ZHAO X X, LIU S D, et al. Beneficial effects of melatonin in overcoming drought stress in wheat seedlings[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2017, 118: 138-149.

[30] SCHREIBER U, BILGER W, HORMANN H, et al. Chlorophyll fluorescence as a diagnostic tool: Basics and some aspects of practical relevance[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

[31] 何磊. 外源褪黑素对萝卜花芽分化和抽薹的影响[D]. 贵阳: 贵州大学, 2020.

基金资助

河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(HBCT2024140205)

2022年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210798017)