香菇菌糠资源化利用研究进展

Research progress on resource utilization of spent Lentinula edodes substrate

摘要

香菇是我国产量最大的食用菌，是乡村振兴的重要支柱产业。香菇产业快速发展的同时产生了大量的菌糠，但很多菌糠被直接丢弃或焚烧，造成严重的环境污染和资源浪费，因此，香菇菌糠的资源化利用问题受到了广泛关注。在分析香菇菌糠理化性质的基础上，综述了香菇菌糠资源化利用的研究进展，包括作为食用菌栽培基质、动物饲料、有机肥、土壤改良剂、园艺栽培、生物吸附剂及生物活性物质提取原料等方面，探讨了香菇菌糠资源化利用中存在的主要问题，提出加快推进菌糠的资源化利用，应重点从加强菌糠物质基础、加大菌糠资源化利用技术、产业化应用配套设施及标准3个方面开展研究，以期为香菇菌糠的高效利用提供参考和理论依据。

Abstract

Lentinula edodes is the largest yield edible fungus in China, and is an important pillar industry for rural revitalization. The rapid development of Lentinula edodes industry leads to a large amount of spent substrates, but most of them are directly discarded and burned, which causes serious environmental pollution and waste of resources. Therefore, the resource utilization of spent substrate has attracted wide attention. In this article, based on the analysis of physicochemical properties, the research progress on resource utilization of spent Lentinula edodes substrate was reviewed, including utilization modes as edible fungus cultivation matrix, animal feed, organic fertilizer, soil conditioner, horticultural cultivation, biological adsorbent and active material extraction raw material. The main problems in the utilization of spent substrate were discussed. The suggestions were proposed on accelerating the resource utilization of spent substrate, and the research should focus on three aspects of strengthening the material basis, increasing the resource utilization technology, industrial application of supporting facilities and standards. The article aims to provide reference and theoretical basis for the efficient utilization of spent Lentinula edodes substrate.

关键词

香菇 / 菌糠 / 利用 / 理化性质

Key words

Lentinula edodes / Spent substrate / Utilization / Physicochemical property

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基金资助

河南省重点研发专项项目(231111112500)

河南省科技攻关计划项目(232102110278)

河南省科技攻关计划项目(242102111068)

河南省农业科学院科技创新团队专项(2023TD41)

河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2023ZC079)