6个春栽香菇菌株信阳地区栽培适应性评价

Adaptability evaluation of six Lentinus edodes strains spring-planted in Xinyang area

摘要

为推动信阳市香菇产业发展，提供能够适应当地自然条件、满足市场需求的春栽香菇优良品种，引进了省内外常用的6个春栽香菇菌株进行出菇比较试验，以筛选出高产、优质、越夏性能好、适合信阳栽培的香菇品种。结果表明，L808单袋产量最高，为686.87 g, 其次是9608和信阳6号，分别为632.6 g和621.55 g。越夏性能最好的是信阳6号，越夏成功率为99%；L808越夏性能较差，越夏成功率为64%。各参试菌株农艺性状与当地气候相关性分析表明，越夏成功率与发菌成功率呈正相关；香菇转色程度与出菇早晚呈正相关；单菇质量与菌盖直径呈极显著正相关，与10月出菇占比呈正相关。综合各项性能，6个参试菌株中栽培适应性最优的是信阳6号，产量较高、越夏性能较好、菇形较圆整、菌柄长短粗细适中，最适宜作为信阳春栽香菇主推品种。

Abstract

In order to promote the development of the Lentinus edodes industry in Xinyang and provide the excellent spring-cultivated Lentinus edodes varieties which can adapt to the local natural conditions and meet the market demand, six popular spring-cultivated Lentinus edodes strains in Henan and other provinces were introduced to screen out the excellent varieties which were suitable for cultivation in Xinyang with high yield, high quality and high success rate of oversummer cultivation. The results showed that L808 had the highest yield of 686.87 g, followed by 9608 and Xinyang 6, with yield of 632.6 g and 621.55 g, respectively. The success rate of over-summer cultivation about Xinyang 6 was 99%, while that of L808 was only 64%. The correlation analysis between the agronomic traits of the tested strains and local climate showed that there was a positive correlation between the success rate of over-summer cultivation and the success rate of fungal growth. The degree of color changing was positively correlated with the period of mushroom fruiting. The weight of single mushroom was positively correlated with the pileus diameter, and positively correlated with the proportion of mushroom fruiting in October. It was concluded that among the six strains, Xinyang 6 was the best choice as a result of mainly popularized strain with high yield, high success rate, good mushroom shape and excellent comprehensive.

关键词

香菇 / 春栽 / 农艺性状 / 适应性 / 信阳

Key words

Lentinus edodes / Spring-planted shiitake / Agronomic traits / Adaptation / Xinyang

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基金资助

河南省现代农业产业技术体系(HARS-22-08-Z3)

河南省科技攻关项目(232102110230)