我国蔬菜废弃物利用研究进展

Advances on utilization of vegetable waste in China

摘要

蔬菜产业是我国种植业中仅次于粮食的第二大产业，是乡村振兴的重要支柱产业，在保障人们生活必需品的同时产生了大量废弃物。概述了当前我国蔬菜生产及分布情况、蔬菜废弃物资源量及理化特性，从原位还田、好氧发酵、饲料利用、厌氧发酵4个方面阐述蔬菜废弃物的利用技术研究进展，分析当前限制蔬菜废弃物处理利用产业发展的关键问题，提出构建全国蔬菜废弃物资源台账、提高技术装备经济性、开展绿色低碳循环试点示范、构建处理利用长效机制等对策建议，以期为提高蔬菜废弃物的转化利用率、减少环境污染提供参考。

Abstract

Vegetable industry was an important pillar industry for rural revitalization, and it now has become the second largest industry of plantation in China, only behind crop. It generated a large amount of vegetable waste while ensuring people's daily necessities. A brief analysis was conducted on the current production and distribution of vegetable in China, as well as the amount and physicochemical characteristics of vegetable waste. The research progress of four main resource utilization technologies of vegetable waste were reviewed, which including returning to the field, composting, feed utilization and anaerobic digestion. The key problems restricting the resource utilization of vegetable waste were summarized. Development suggestions were proposed, including construction of a national vegetable waste resource ledger, improvement of the utilization technology and equipment, carrying out green and low carbon cycle pilot projects and demonstrations, and building a long-term mechanism for resource utilization. The article aims to provide reference for reducing environmental pollution and resource waste, improving the conversion and utilization efficiency, and reducing environmental pollution.

关键词

蔬菜 / 废弃物 / 处理利用

Key words

Vegetable / Waste / Treatment and utilization

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基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC08-2024)

国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2002100)

中国农业科学院科技创新工程