外源谷胱甘肽对青花菜硫代葡萄糖苷合成的影响

Effect of exogenous glutathione on the synthesis of glucosinolates in broccoli

摘要

为探究谷胱甘肽对硫代葡萄糖苷(GSLs)生物合成的影响，以现蕾期青花菜品种耐寒优秀为试验材料，研究不同浓度的还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)及丁硫堇(BSO)对青花菜花球中硫代葡萄糖苷及其相关底物含量、酶活性和基因表达的影响。结果表明，与CK (蒸馏水)相比，5 mg·L^-1 GSH在处理48 h显著提高了青花菜花球中总硫苷、脂肪族硫苷含量，在24~48 h显著提高半胱氨酸(Cys)含量，在6~24 h显著提高了谷胱甘肽含量，在3~12 h显著提高了硫苷合成相关基因的表达量；45 mg·L^-1 GSH处理在48 h显著降低了青花菜花球中总硫苷、脂肪族硫苷含量，在3~48 h则显著提高了半胱氨酸含量，在6~48 h则显著提高了谷胱甘肽含量，在3~12 h显著抑制了硫苷合成相关基因的表达。与CK相比，5 mg·L^-1 GSSG处理下青花菜花球中总硫苷、脂肪族硫苷含量显著升高，而25、45及65 mg·L^-1 GSSG处理则对总硫苷、脂肪族硫苷含量没有产生显著影响。综上所述，外源谷胱甘肽对硫苷含量的影响具有浓度效应，5 mg·L^-1 GSH促进硫苷合成，45 mg·L^-1 GSH抑制硫苷合成。

Abstract

To investigate the effects of glutathione (GSH) on glucosinolate (GSLs) biosynthesis, the effects of different concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (glutathione disulfide; GSSG), and glutathione inhibitor (BSO) were studied on the content of glucosinolate and related substrates, enzyme activity, and gene expression in broccoli floret, using the broccoli variety Naihanyouxiu at the budding stage as experimental material. The results showed that, compared to CK, the 5 mg·L^-1 GSH treatment significantly increased the total GSL and aliphatic GSL content in broccoli floret at 48 h. It significantly increased cysteine (Cys) content at 24-48 h, significantly increased glutathione content at 6-24 h, and significantly increased the expression of genes related to GSLs biosynthesis at 3-12 h. The 45 mg·L^-1 GSH treatment significantly reduced the total GSL and aliphatic GSL content in the broccoli floret at 48 h, while significantly increasing cysteine content at 3-48 h and glutathione content at 6-48 h, and significantly inhibiting the expression of genes related to GSLs biosynthesis at 3-12 h. When compared with CK, the treatment with 5 mg·L^-1 GSSG resulted in a significant increase in the content of total GSL, aliphatic GSL in broccoli floret, while treatments with 25, 45, and 65 mg·L^-1 GSSG had no effect on the content of total GSL, aliphatic GSL. In conclusion, exogenous glutathione has a concentration effect on the GSLs content, with low concentrations promoting GSLs biosynthesis while high concentrations inhibiting GSLs biosynthesis.

关键词

青花菜 / 硫代葡萄糖苷 / 谷胱甘肽(GSH) / 酶活性 / 基因表达

Key words

Broccoli / Glucosinolate / Glutathione (GSH) / Enzyme activity / Gene expression

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基金资助

国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1003000)

国家自然科学基金(32372682)

国家自然科学基金(32272747)

国家自然科学基金(32072585)

国家自然科学基金(32072568)

国家重点研发计划国际合作项目(2022YFE0108300)