不同砧木嫁接对薄皮甜瓜生长特性的影响

Effects of different rootstock grafting on the growth characteristics of thin skin melon

摘要

为了比较不同砧木嫁接薄皮甜瓜后的成活率及生长特性，分别以11种南瓜、3种葫芦、2种甜瓜为砧木，以绿美人甜瓜为接穗，以接穗自根苗为对照，对薄皮甜瓜嫁接苗成活率、植株生长情况、抗病能力、果实品质及果实产量进行测定。结果表明，各组合嫁接苗成活率均在93%以上；思壮17、京欣砧2号、京欣砧冠F1、砧甜1号、甬砧9号砧木嫁接苗发病率均为0；16种砧木生长状况均优于自根苗；葫芦砧木和豫艺稳健1号(南瓜)嫁接甜瓜产量低于自根苗，其余砧木嫁接甜瓜的产量均高于自根苗，全盛(南瓜)和砧甜1号(甜瓜)的产量最高，分别比自根苗高147.43%、137.76%；南瓜砧木锦霞状元和京欣砧2号相较于自根苗，可溶性固形物含量分别增加了8.13%、12.79%，维生素C含量分别增加了46.93%、6.47%，总酸含量分别增加了52.14%、21.37%，总糖含量分别增加了51.21%、15.32%。综合分析相关指标，砧甜1号、锦霞状元和京欣砧2号适合作为沿淮区域薄皮甜瓜嫁接的优良砧木。

Abstract

In order to compare the effects of different rootstocks on the survival rate and growth characteristics of thin-skinned melon after grafting, 11 pumpkins, 3 gourds, and 2 muskmelons were used as rootstocks, and the Green Beauty melon was used as scions. The survival rate, plant growth status, disease resistance, fruit quality, and fruit yield of thin-skinned melon grafted seedlings were measured compared with the self rooted seedlings of the scions. The results showed that the survival rate of grafted seedlings in all combinations was above 93%. The incidence rate of grafted seedlings on Sizhuang 17, Jingxinzhen No. 2, Jingxin Zhenguan Crown F1, Zhentian No. 1 and Yongzhen No. 9 rootstocks were all 0. The growth status of 16 rootstocks was better than that of self rooted seedlings. The yield of grafted seedlings with gourd rootstocks and Yuyi Wenjian No. 1 was lower than that of self-rooted seedlings, while the yield of grafted seedlings with other rootstocks was higher. Among them, Quansheng and Zhentian No. 1 had the highest yield, which was 147.43% and 137.76% higher than that of self rooted seedlings, respectively. Compared with self rooted seedlings, Jinxia Zhuangyuan and Jingxinzhen No. 2 increased their soluble solid content by 8.13% and 12.79%, vitamin C content by 46.93% and 6.47%, total acid content by 52.14% and 21.37%, and total sugar content by 51.21% and 15.32%, respectively. The comprehensive results of relevant indicators indicate that Zhentian No. 1, Jinxia Zhuangyuan, and Jingxinzhen No. 2 are suitable as excellent rootstocks for thin skinned muskmelon grafting in the Huai River region.

关键词

薄皮甜瓜 / 砧木 / 嫁接 / 生长特性

Key words

Thin skin melon / Rootstock / Grafting / Growth characteristics

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基金资助

安徽省第十三批“115”产业创新团队