不同氨基酸处理对西蓝花芽苗生长及品质的影响

Effects of different amino acid treatments on the growth and quality of broccoli sprouts

摘要

为探究不同氨基酸种类对西蓝花芽苗生长及品质特性的影响，采用6种氨基酸(甘氨酸、色氨酸、苯丙氨酸、甲硫氨酸、酪氨酸和谷氨酸)对西蓝花芽苗进行根施处理，以处理后西蓝花芽苗的生长指标(芽苗长度和含水率)和品质指标(可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、总黄酮、总酚、硝态氮、光合色素、总硫苷和萝卜硫素含量)为评价依据，筛选适宜西蓝花芽苗生长的氨基酸种类。结果表明，与CK (蒸馏水)相比，不同氨基酸处理提高了西蓝花芽苗中的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、总黄酮、叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量，显著降低了硝态氮含量，抑制了总硫苷的积累，其中甲硫氨酸处理后西蓝花芽苗中可溶性糖含量(w,后同)(650.64 mg·g^-1)、萝卜硫素含量(904.17 μg·g^-1)增加最为显著，分别比CK显著提高28.42%和123.71%。研究结果可为氨基酸处理在西蓝花芽苗提质增效生产中的应用提供理论依据。

Abstract

In order to explore the effects of different amino acids on the growth and quality characteristics of broccoli sprouts. In this study, six amino acids (glycine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, methionine, tyrosine and glutamic acid) were applied to the roots of broccoli sprouts to improve the growth index (sprout length and moisture content) and quality index (soluble sugar, soluble protein, total flavonoids, total phenols, nitrate nitrogen, light and pigment, total glucosinolate and sulforaphane) of the treated broccoli sprouts. The results showed that different amino acid treatments increased the soluble sugar, soluble protein, total flavonoids, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids content, significantly decreased the nitrate content, and inhibited the accumulation of total glucosinolates. Among them, the soluble sugar content (650.64 mg·g^-1) and sulforaphane content (904.17 μg·g^-1) in broccoli sprouts after methionine treatment significantly increased the most, and increased significantly 28.42% and 123.71%, respectively, compared with CK. The research results can provide theoretical basis for the application of amino acid treatment in the production of broccoli sprouts.

关键词

西蓝花 / 氨基酸 / 芽苗 / 生理生化 / 萝卜硫素

Key words

Broccoli / Amino acid / Sprouting vegetable / Physiology and biochemistry / Sulforaphane

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基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC01-2023)

北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20210402)

北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所改革与发展项目(KYCX202306)